基于转录和翻译调控的氨基酸高产菌株筛选及构建策略  

Transcriptional and Translational Regulations-oriented Screening and Engineering Strategy for Amino Acid Overproducers

作　　者：郑博 王宁 霍毅欣 ZHENG Bo;WANG Ning;HUO Yi-xin(School of Life Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学生命学院,北京100081

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第4期34-40,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201400);国家自然科学基金项目(21676026)。

摘　　要：氨基酸的工业化生产和应用有近50年的历史。除了调味料和其他食品用途外,氨基酸还被用于动物饲料、药物和化妆品等许多领域。如今大多数氨基酸通过微生物发酵生产,极低的价格对它们在工业中的应用至关重要。通常采用挑选营养缺陷型或具有类似物抗性的菌株来筛选氨基酸生产菌。然而,因部分氨基酸生产菌的生产效率低下,限制了其工业化发展。主要梳理了营养缺陷型、氨基酸类似物和富含稀有密码子标记基因3种不同筛选方法及其实际应用,旨为高产菌株的筛选与构建提供候选方案。Amino acids are industrially produced and widely utilized over 50 years.In addition to seasoning and food use,amino acids are used in many fields such as animal feed,pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.Most amino acids now are produced by fermentation due to low cost.For breeding the producer of each amino acid,the canonical selection method based on amino acid analog was used,in which auxotrophic or analog-resistant mutants were derived to screen the desired producer.However,some amino acids are less produced by fermentation because of the low yield of the producer strains.In this review,different selection methods,including auxotrophic,amino acid analog and rare codon-rich markers,as well as practical application in fermentation research are described,aiming to provide alternative choices for the screening and the engineering of amino acid overproducers.

关 键 词：氨基酸 类似物 稀有密码子 

分 类 号：TQ922[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] Q933[生物学—微生物学]