赣州古城理水经验对“海绵城市”建设的启示  

ENLIGHTENMENT OF THE ANCIENT URBAN CANAL SYSTEM IN GANZHOU TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPONGE CITY

作　　者：吴庆洲[1,2,3,4] 李炎 吴运江[6] 余长洪 刘小刚[5] WU Qingzhou;LI Yan;WU Yunjiang;YU Changhong;LIU Xiaogang

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室学术委员会 [3]华南理工大学建筑历史文化研究中心 [4]中国城市规划学会历史文化名城规划学术委员会 [5]华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 [6]华南农业大学水利与土木工程学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2020年第3期84-92,101,共10页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878282,51408236);亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题(2015ZB11)。

摘　　要：赣州古城选址于章、贡二江合流处,"凿址为隍,三面阻水",凭借"江河为池""龟背地形"等自然条件,因势利导,趋利避害,构建了"章、贡二江(环城段)-城壕-福寿沟-低洼水塘"的城市排蓄水体系统,代表了我国古代城市防洪御涝的一种传统模式。赣州古城水系的规划设计理念及营建经验,与当前我国"海绵城市"统筹建设的"源头控制系统、常规雨水径流蓄排系统以及超常规雨水径流蓄排系统"的系统组成,"灰绿互补"的雨水设施以及"蓄排结合"的雨洪控制理念高度吻合。剖析古代城市水系的营建智慧,总结值得当代人学习的思路和方法,对当前"海绵城市"的规划建设具有启示和借鉴意义。Located at the confluence of Zhangjiang River and Gongjiang River,the ancient city of Ganzhou is surrounded by water on three sides and a moat on its southern side.With the natural river served as the moat and the landform in the shape of the turtle shell,Ganzhou built an urban water storage and drainage system consisting of Zhangjiang River and Gongjiang River encircling the city,a moat,the Fushou Ditch,and ponds,by fully taking advantage of the physical features.This system,as a representative traditional mode of urban flood control in ancient China,is consistent with the current idea of "sponge city" advocated by the state.There are many similarities between the two.For instance,the construction of sponge city focuses on building a system consisting of "a source control system,a conventional rainwater drainage system,and an ultra-conventional rainwater drainage system",which encourages "complementation between gray and green facilities" and "combination of rainwater storage and drainage".In summary,it is of great significance for the construction of sponge city to understand the construction wisdom of the ancient urban canal system and summarize the methods that are worth learning.

关 键 词：海绵城市 古代城市水系 赣州 福寿沟 坑塘 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]