“事件·物质”类名词真的没有事件义吗?——兼谈合成类名词的词典释义问题  

Do Nouns Denoting Events and Physical Objects Have Event Meanings:On Dictionary Definition of Compound Nouns

作　　者：李强[1] Li Qiang

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院中文系,上海200444

出　　处：《辞书研究》2020年第3期25-33,I0001,共10页Lexicographical Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(项目编号19CYY005)的资助。

摘　　要：合成类名词的语义性质比较丰富,用法特点比较复杂,这给词典释义带来了不少问题和挑战。文章讨论“事件·物质”类合成名词,认为该类名词的事件义是独立的,谓词隐含并不能否定这类名词包含事件义解读方式。词语多义和模糊现象的区分直接影响到词典的义项设立。“事件·物质”类合成名词在不同的语境下产生多种语义解读的可能性,有的是词语的多义性造成的,有的则属于词义的模糊现象。词语的多义性对应多义项,而词义的模糊性对应多义面。合成类名词的词典释义需要建立在对词语具体的语法语义性质进行考察分析的基础之上。Compound nouns are semantically rich and complicated in use,which poses many challenges to dictionary definition.This paper discusses nouns denoting events and physical objects.It argues that the event meaning of these nouns is independent and that the lack of predication does not mean that they do not contain event meanings.The distinction between polysemy and fuzziness directly affects the institution of lexical senses.These nouns have many possibilities of semantic interpretation in different context;some are caused by polysemy,and others by fuzziness.Polysemy of words is reflected in the institution of multi-senses and fuzziness of words in multiple semantic facets.Definition of these words should be based on a thorough investigation and analysis of specific grammatical and semantic properties of these words.

关 键 词：合成类名词 谓词隐含 多义 模糊 义项 义面 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]