飞行器角速度测量的三轴加速度计法  

ANGULAR VELOCITY MEASUREMENT FOR FLIGHT VEHICLE VIA THREE AXIS ACCELEROMETERS

作　　者：刘晏铭 武迪 LIU Yanming;WU Di(School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084

出　　处：《力学与实践》2020年第1期17-21,共5页Mechanics in Engineering

摘　　要：飞行器角速度的测量在航空航天领域是极为重要的问题,然而现在主流的利用陀螺仪测量角速度的方法有造价较高这一问题。本文提出了一种通过测量刚体上非共线三点的加速度得到刚体角速度的方法,可以利用极为廉价的高精度加速度计较为准确地测量高速稳态飞行器的角速度。本文应用刚体运动学中的基点法,得到由刚体上非共线三点的加速度和其距离表示的刚体角速度,并对其进行了误差分析。最终采用数值模拟的方法,分析了此方法在具有较高角速度的飞行器和具有较低角速度的稳态卫星上得到的角速度的适用性。模拟结果表明,此种方法适用于稳态高角速度的飞行器。Measurement of the angular velocity of flight vehicles is one of the most important problem in the aerospace field.However,the gyroscope,as the dominating measuring device for the angular velocity measurement,is expensive.In this paper,a method for obtaining the angular velocity of the rigid body is proposed,based on measuring the accelerations of three non-collinear points.The angular velocity is calculated by using the base-point method in mechanics of rigid bodies,and the errors of the angular velocity are also analyzed.In order to validate the new model,a numerical simulation is carried out to analyze the applicability of this method for a spacecraft in the high angular velocity situation or for a satellite in the low angular velocity situation.The result indicates that this method can be applied for the spacecraft with a high angular velocity and in a steady state.

关 键 词：角速度 刚体运动学 基点法 

分 类 号：V448.22[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]