撤回起诉规制研究——对“控诉中心主义”的扭转  

Research on the Regulation of Withdrawal of Prosecution:The Reversion of"Accusation Centralism"

作　　者：高平 张能全[1] Gao Ping;Zhang Nengquan

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《南海法学》2019年第6期11-30,共20页The South China Sea Law Journal

基　　金：2019年重庆市高等教育教学改革研究项目“刑事诉讼法学课程体系整体优化与教学内容改革研究与实践”(编号:193054);西南政法大学法学院2019年硕士生科研创新项目“审判中心主义视野下的公诉变更规制研究”(项目号:FXY2019067)。

摘　　要：实践中撤诉脱轨运行、功能异化的现状背后深层次原因是我国撤回起诉体系带有明显的"控诉中心主义"倾向,它表现为理论层面的"起诉裁量性"根据论、规范层面的诉审构造关系扭曲、实践层面的"趋利避害"导向型协调办案模式。应当确立起矛盾统一性的撤诉根据论、重构撤诉的诉审构造关系、推进司法职业伦理构建和办案绩效考核机制改革,从而实现对"控诉中心主义"的扭转。审判中心主义视野下的撤诉规制体系构建,必须树立庭审中心权威,将撤诉时间限定在法庭辩论终结前;同时立足于不同程序在功能与任务上的差异,以开庭为界分点,对庭前与庭审中的撤诉分别配置不同的规制办法;另外,还应当完善撤诉程式、当事人异议救济权、法庭审查过程等来宣示撤诉程序的正当性。The deep-seated reason behind the status quo of withdrawing complaints,derailing operations and functional alienation in practice is that China’s withdrawal prosecution system has a clear"complaint centralism"tendency,which manifests itself as a"level of prosecution discretion"based on theory Review the structure-distorting,practical-level"advantages to avoid harm"-oriented coordinated case handling model.It is necessary to establish a contradictory and unified basis for withdrawing litigation,reconstruct the relationship between the litigation and trial structure of withdrawal,promote the construction of judicial professional ethics and the reform of the performance evaluation mechanism for handling cases,so as to achieve the reversal of"complaint centralism".In order to construct a system for withdrawing complaints from the perspective of trial centralism,the authority of the trial center must be established,and the time for withdrawing complaints must be limited to the end of the court debate;at the same time,based on the differences in functions and tasks of different procedures,taking the court as the boundary point,Separate regulations are set for withdrawal from the court trial;in addition,the withdrawal procedure,the parties’right to remedy the objection,and the court review process should be improved to declare the validity of the withdrawal procedure.

关 键 词：控诉中心主义 审判中心主义 撤回起诉 庭前程序 庭审权威 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]