矮牡丹与芍药属其他5个种叶绿体基因组特征的比较  

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genome Characteristics between Paeonia jishanensis and Other Five Species of Paeonia

作　　者：周晓君 张凯 彭正锋 孙姗姗 押辉远 张延召 程彦伟 Zhou Xiaojun;Zhang Kai;Peng Zhengfeng;Sun Shanshan;Ya Huiyuan;Zhang Yanzhao;Cheng Yanwei(College of Life Sciences,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934;Henan Xiaoqinling National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Sanmenxia 472500;Peony Institute of Luoyang,Luoyang 471000)

机构地区：[1]洛阳师范学院生命科学学院,洛阳471934 [2]河南小秦岭国家级自然保护区管理局,三门峡472500 [3]洛阳牡丹研究院,洛阳471000

出　　处：《林业科学》2020年第4期82-88,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870697);河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410085)。

摘　　要：【目的】中国特有的野生牡丹一直被国内外视为珍贵的种质资源。野生矮牡丹被认为是现代栽培牡丹品种重要的祖先种之一,开展矮牡丹在内的芍药属植物叶绿体基因组(cp DNA)特征分析对阐明牡丹系统进化、培育和改良栽培品种具有重要的理论与实践价值。【方法】在矮牡丹叶绿体高通量测序的基础上,从NCBI数据库下载凤丹牡丹、大花黄牡丹、滇牡丹、川赤芍和草芍药的cp DNA数据,利用Geneious 8.0、EMBOSS 6.4.0等软件,对芍药属6个种的cp DNA进行对比分析。【结果】矮牡丹cp DNA序列共152628 bp,共有112个基因,使用25988个密码子,编码蛋白78个;有19个基因(包括4个rRNA、7个tRNA、8个蛋白编码基因)在IR(反向重复)区重复。共搜索到143个SSR位点,单核苷酸重复基序位点最多,为116个(占81.12%),没有六核苷酸重复基序。尽管芍药属叶绿体基因组比较保守,但不同种间IR和LSC(大单拷贝区)的边界位置仍有一定变化,凤丹牡丹LSC/IR的rpl2基因有718 bp延伸至LSC区域,而其他种的rpl2基因均完整地位于IR区。【结论】从基因组大小和基因内容来看,芍药属cp DNA高度保守;草芍药与滇牡丹cp DNA最大,为152698 bp;凤丹牡丹cp DNA最小,为152153 bp。矮牡丹cp DNA蛋白编码基因密码子偏好使用A/T碱基,SSRs位点的碱基组成也偏好使用A/T碱基,143个SSRs位点中,A/T组成的位点有134个;矮牡丹cp DNA SSRs分布具有不均匀性,14个SSR位点位于IR区段,103个位于LSC区段,26个位于SSC区段。IR边界分析显示,芍药属LSC/IRb的边界变化是IR区扩张与收缩的主要原因。研究结果为芍药属植物的系统进化与栽培起源等研究提供支持,对芍药属植物分子标记开发及优良品种选育具有参考价值。【Objective】China’s wild peony has been regarded as precious germplasm resources at home and abroad.Wild Paeonia jishanensis is considered as one of the most important ancestral species of cultivated tree peonies.The analysis of chloroplast genome(cp DNA)characteristics of Paeonia,including P.jishanensis,has important theoretical and practical values for elucidating the phylogeny of Paeonia and developing improved varieties.【Method】Chloroplast data of P.jishanensis were obtained by high-throughput sequencing.The cp DNA data of P.ostii,P.ludlowii,P.delavayi,P.veitchii and P.obovata were downloaded from NCBI database.Comparative analysis of the six peony cp DNA was performed using Geneious 8.0 and EMBOSS 6.4.0.【Result】The cp DNA sequence of P.jishanensis was 152628 bp with 112 genes,25988 codons encoding 78 proteins.There are 19 genes(including 4 rRNA,7 tRNA,8 protein coding genes)repeat in the IR(Inverse Repeat)region.A total of 143 SSR loci were searched,the mononucleotide repeat are the most common(116,accounting for 81.12%),and there was no hexanucleotide repeat motif.Although the chloroplast genome of Paeonia is conservative,there are still some changes in the boundary of IR and LSC(large single-copy)between different species.The rpl2 gene of P.ostii extends 718 bp to the LSC region,while that of other species are completely located in the IR region.【Conclusion】Paeonia cp DNA genome size and gene content are highly conserved.The cp DNA of P.obovata and P.delavayi was the largest(152698 bp),and that of P.ostii was the smallest(152153 bp).The codons of cp DNA protein coding genes and the base composition of SSR loci in P.jishanensis prefer to use A/T.Among 143 SSR loci,134 loci were A/T loci.The distribution of cp DNA SSRs in P.jishanensis has heterogeneity,14 SSR loci were located in IR region,103 in LSC region and 26 in SSC region.Analysis showed that boundary change of LSC/IRb was the main reason for the expansion or contraction of IR region in Paeonia.The results provide a basis for the stud

关 键 词：芍药属 矮牡丹 高通量测序 叶绿体基因组 SSR位点 IR边界分析 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]