清末直隶省级教育行政部门管理省域教育的经验与启示  

Experience and Enlightenment of ZhiLi Provincial Educational Administrative Department in Managing Provincial Education in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张寅[1] ZHANG Yin(School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Shaanxi,Xi'an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学院,西安710062

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期97-105,共9页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学青年课题“民国时期省级教育行政与地方教育现代化研究(1912-1949)”(COA150138)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：提学使司是废除科举后设立的管理省域教育的行政部门。1906年,直隶提学使司成立后,为推进新式教育付出了种种努力:组织全省会议,广泛吸纳民意;强化督学督政,注重指导商讨;依靠官绅民众,推广教育普及;多措并举,整顿中学与经费;奖惩分明,激发办学积极性。从而探索出一条管理省域教育的成功路子,取得了突出成就。究其原因:直隶总督大力支持提学使司工作;提学使司领导协调能力强,能妥善处理官绅关系;提学使司重视立法与监督,注重兴学考成。当前,推进省域教育管理改革,需要以史为鉴,搭建民主议事平台与决策机制,加强各方合作;加强省级统筹,建立省级部门联动机制;重视省级教育管理能力建设,充分发挥省级教育部门的主导作用;强化省级教育监督,重视办学考核与问责。After the abolition of the imperial examination,Tixueshi Department was established as an administrative department for managing provincial education.After the establishment of the ZhiLi Tixueshi Department in 1906,various efforts were made to promote the new education:organizing provincial conferences and absorbing public opinion widely;strengthening supervision of schools and local officials and paying attention to guidance and discussion;relying on officials and the people and promoting education popularization;taking multiple measures and rectifying middle schools and funds;distinguishing between rewards and punishments clearly and stimulating enthusiasm in running schools.In this way,a successful way of provincial education modernization is explored,and outstanding educational achievements are gained.Those were mainly attributed to:ZhiLi governor’s strong support to the work of the Tixueshi Department;the Department’s strong abilities in leadership and coordination,and proper handling of the relationship between officials and gentry;the Department’s attention to legislation,supervision and assessment.At present,it’s necessary to take history as a mirror to promote the reform of provincial education management,build democratic discussion platform and decision-making mechanism,and strengthen cooperation among all parties.The provincial overall planning should be strengthened,and provincial departments’ linkage mechanism should be established.Provincial education management capacity building should be attached importance to.The leading role of provincial education department should be given full play to.Education supervision at the provincial level should be strengthened and the assessment and accountability of running schools should be attached great importance to.

关 键 词：清末 直隶提学使司 省域教育 管理实践 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]