2018年中国饲料原料及配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染调查报告  

A survey report on the mycotoxin contamination of Chinese raw materials and feed in 2018

作　　者：雷元培 周建川[2,3] 王利通 郑文革 赵丽红[2] 计成[2] Lei Yuanpei;Zhou Jianchuan;Wang Litong;Zheng Wen'ge;Zhao Lihong;Ji Cheng

机构地区：[1]浙江天蓬畜业有限公司,浙江江山324111 [2]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院动物营养国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]四川铁骑力士实业有限公司,四川成都610000 [4]河南亿万中元生物技术有限公司,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《饲料工业》2020年第10期60-64,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：中国农业大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目[2020TC007、2019TC239]。

摘　　要：为了解国内饲料原料及配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染情况,随机抽取了国内一些省市区域的玉米、玉米副产物、小麦及麸皮、杂粕和全价饲料等986个饲料原料及配合饲料样品,采用免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法测定了样品中黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)的含量。结果表明,玉米、玉米副产物、小麦及麸皮、杂粕和全价料中AFB1检出率分别为91.20%、92.49%、96.41%、100.00%和100.00%,超标率分别为5.56%、12.14%、4.19%、16.56%和7.88%;ZEN的检出率分别为91.20%、100%、91.62%、75.50%和100.00%,超标率分别达到7.03%、16.18%、5.39%、0.00%和6.45%;DON的检出率分别为100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、96.03%和100.00%,超标率分别达到0.00%、4.05%、24.55%、1.99%和16.13%。其中玉米副产物、小麦及麸皮及全价料中霉菌毒素污染较为严重,应是霉菌毒素污染防控的主要关注对象。This study randomly selected a total of 986 feed raw materials and feed samples including corn, corn by-products, wheat, wheat bran, oil seed meals and feed from different provinces and cities,and determined aflatoxin(AFB1), zearalenone(ZEN) and deoxynivalenol(DON) levels using the immune affinity column-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method to understand the Chinese mycotoxins contamination of feed raw materials and feed. The results indicated: the detection rate of AFB1 in corn, corn by-products, wheat, wheat bran, oil seed meals and feed was 91.20%,92.49%, 96.41%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively, while the exceeding standard rate was 5.56%,12.14%,4.19%, 16.56% and 7.88%, respectively;the detection rate of ZEN in corn, corn by-products, wheat, wheat bran, oil seed meals and feed was 91.20%, 100.00%, 91.62%, 75.50% and100.00%, respectively, while the exceeding standard rate was 7.03%, 16.18%, 5.39%, 0.00% and6.45%, respectively;the detection rate of DON in corn, corn by-products, wheat, wheat bran, oil seed meals and feed was 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 96.03% and 100.00%, respectively, while the exceeding standard rate was 0.00%, 4.05%, 24.55%, 1.99% and 16.13%, respectively. In conclusion, the mycotoxin levels among the above feed raw materials and feed were significantly different, and the corn by-product, wheat and wheat bran were still the most serious feedstuffs for mycotoxin.

关 键 词：饲料 饲料原料 黄曲霉毒素 玉米赤霉烯酮 呕吐毒素 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]