基于扎根理论的燕京八绝“多维互动传承模式”研究  

A Study of the “Multi-dimensional Interactive Inheritance Model”of Eight Traditional Palace Handicrafts Based on the Grounded Theory

作　　者：张姣姣 王剑[2] ZHANG Jiao-jiao;WANG Jian(School of Management,Langfang Normal University,Hebei 065000;Higher Vocational Education Research Institute,Beijing Vocational College of Finance and Commerce,Beijing 101101)

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院管理学院,河北廊坊065000 [2]北京财贸职业学院高职教育研究所,北京101101

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2020年第2期75-84,共10页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“‘燕京八绝’传承与职业教育对接机制研究”(项目编号:15JYB018);用友公益基金会第一届“商的长城”项目“中华老字号非物质文化遗产传承及应用研究”(项目编号:2017-ZX09);“通州区高层次人才发展支持计划”领军人才项目(项目编号:YHLE 2018001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：燕京八绝是重要的非物质文化遗产,汇集了我国皇家宫廷艺术的精髓。在现代化进程的冲击下,燕京八绝正面临传承断代、后继无人的窘境。本研究运用自下而上的扎根理论的研究方法,通过对12位具有代表性的燕京八绝非遗传承人进行深度访谈,揭示了燕京八绝面临的传承困境和原因。研究表明,当前燕京八绝传承存在着学校培养、学徒培养、企业培养以及政府培养四种模式。基于对四种模式的优缺点比较和逻辑关系分析,本研究提炼并构建了燕京八绝"多维互动传承"的概念模式。该模式以学艺人(学生/学徒)为核心,职业院校、非遗企业、非遗工作室、地方政府为主体,通过实践主体间的相互协作搭建不同组织主体的互动关系平台,以连通不同组织主体的关系,延伸传承系统的效能,从而为破解燕京八绝面临的传承困境提供了理论依据。The "Eight Traditional Palace Handicrafts"are important intangible cultural heritage which have carried on the essence of the royal court art in China. Under the impact of the modernization process,the eight traditional palace handicrafts are facing obstacles in inheritance. How to revive the inheritance model and rescue the dying traditional handcrafts in time is of significant importance for academic research. Based on the bottom-up approach of the Grounded Theory,this article makes in-depth interviews with 12 representatives of these eight intangible cultural heritage to reveal the difficulties ahead and reasons behind for the current situation. Study indicated that there are four kinds of inheritance models which include school training,apprenticeship training,enterprise training and government training. Basing on the comparison of advantages and disadvantages of the four models and this article proposed the concept model of "multidimensional interactive inheritance",so as to provide theoretical reference for breaking through the inheritance dilemma faced by the eight traditional palace handicrafts.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 燕京八绝 扎根理论 传承模式 教育人类学 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] G622.0