新中国70年民族高等教育发展:成就、问题与展望  

Ethnic Higher Education in 70 Years: Achievements,Problems and Prospects

作　　者：许丽英[1] 郑燕婷 XU Li-ying;ZHENG Yan-ting(School of Education,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学教育学院,北京100081

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2020年第2期119-128,共10页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：国家社科基金“十三五”规划2019年教育学一般课题“新中国成立70年民族教育发展的历程、经验与趋势研究”(项目编号:BMA190029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国成立70年来,我国民族高等教育的规模迅速扩大,教育质量和水平显著提升。本研究在梳理民族高等教育发展历程及相关文献的基础上,将70年来民族高等教育的成就总结为五个方面:民族高等教育的人才培养成效显著、族际受教育水平差距逐渐缩小、学科建设取得重大进展、科研工作稳步推进以及保障机制逐步建立健全。与此同时,民族高等教育的发展中仍存在一些亟待解决的问题,集中表现为一流民族特色学科发展滞后、高层次人才难以满足民族地区发展需要、民族高校科研的前瞻性不足、服务国家"一带一路"倡议的能力亟须提升等。民族高校需以民族文化为根基,加快一流民族特色学科建设;以"两个服务"为原则,注重高层次人才培养与就业引导;以科研创新为导向,开展民族社会各领域的前瞻性研究;以复合型区域合作人才培养为依托,增强服务国家发展战略的能力。Since the setting up of People’s Republic of China,the scale of ethnic higher education in China has expended significantly,with remarkably enhanced education quality. This study,through reviewing literature on ethnic higher education and policy,summarized the achievements of ethnic higher education in China in the previous 70 years in to five points: training for professionals for ethnic higher education has been improved effectively;the gap between ethnic groups in higher education has been narrowed down;discipline construction has seen great progress;scientific research has made steady progress;and the guarantee mechanism for the development of ethnic higher education has been gradually improved. At the same time,there are remaining urgent problems to be solved in the development of ethnic higher education,which are mainly reflected in following aspects: underdeveloped first-class disciplines with ethnic characteristics;insufficient high-level professionals to satisfy demand from ethnic minority area;insufficient forward looking plan for scientific research in ethnic colleges and universities;urgent need to improve the capacity to serve the country’s"Belt and Road"initiative. Ethnic colleges and universities should take ethnic culture as foundation while speeding up the construction of first-class ethnic characteristic disciplines;emphasize on high-level professional training and employment guideline while abiding by "two services"principle;carry out forwardlooking research in various fields while taking scientific research innovation as guideline;enhance service for national development strategic capacity while basing on cultivating regional cooperation professionals.

关 键 词：民族高等教育 成就 问题 展望 

分 类 号：G750[文化科学—教育学] G640