食源性致病菌核酸检测技术研究进展  

Advances in Nucleic Acid-based Methods for Detecting Foodborne Pathogen

作　　者：钟宜科 邹大阳 赵彤 花晓丹 冯洋 刘威 王永霞 ZHONG Yi-ke;ZOU Da-yang;ZHAO Tong;HUA Xiao-dan;FENG Yang;LIU Wei;WANG Yong-xia(College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056000,Hebei,China;Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学生命科学与食品工程学院,河北邯郸056000 [2]中国人民解放军疾病预防控制中心,北京100000

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2020年第12期218-224,共7页Food Research and Development

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(民口)(2018ZX10713-003);河北省邯郸市科技攻关项目(1722201063-3)。

摘　　要：近年来,食源性疾病的发病率逐年升高,已成为全球范围内的重大公共卫生问题。致病菌广泛存在于各种食品中,快速检测食源性致病菌,对提供安全的食物和预防食源性疾病具有重要的现实意义。由于传统食源性致病菌检测方法耗时耗力,因此建立食源性致病菌的快速检测技术尤为重要。食源性致病菌的核酸检测技术具有简便、耗时短、特异性强、灵敏度高等优点,已被广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测。着重介绍近年来用于食源性致病菌检测的核酸检测技术,包括常规聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)、多重聚合酶链式反应(multiplex-PCR,mPCR)、实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time PCR,qPCR)、环介导等温扩增反应(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)、聚合酶螺旋反应(polymerase spiral reaction,PSR)、重组酶聚合酶扩增(recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA),并对其优缺点,以及适用范围进行总结,旨在为开发出简单、快速、有效、准确的检测方法提供一定的理论依据。The incidence of foodborne diseases has increased over the years and resulted in major public health problem globally.Foodborne pathogens can be found in various foods and it is important to detect foodborne pathogens to provide safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases.The traditional bacterial detection method is complex and time-consuming;therefore,it is necessary to establish a rapid and convenient detection method that can detect multiple pathogens simultaneously.Nucleic acid detection of foodborne pathogens has been widely used in the detection of foodborne pathogens because of its simple operation,short time-consuming,high specificity and high sensitivity.Therefore,This review will focus on recent rapid detection methods based on nucleic acids,including conventional polymerase chain reaction(PCR),multiplex PCR,real-time PCR,loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP);polymerase spiral reaction(PSR);recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA).The advantages and disadvantages as well as the applicable scope are summarized to provide certain theoretical basis for developing simple,fast,effective and accurate detection methods.

关 键 词：食源性致病菌 快速检测 聚合酶链式反应 环介导等温扩增反应 聚合酶螺旋反应 重组酶聚合酶扩增 

分 类 号：TS207.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]