现代有轨电车无砟轨道列车荷载取值研究  

Research on the train load value of ballastless track of modern tram

作　　者：孙魁[1] 冯青松[1] SUN Kui;FENG Qingsong(Engineering Research Center of Railway Environmental Vibration and Noise,Ministry of Education,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2020年第5期1113-1120,共8页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51668020,51368020,51878277)。

摘　　要：为确定现代有轨电车无砟轨道的设计轮载和常用轮载的具体取值,根据轮轨相互作用原理,建立现代有轨电车-无砟轨道垂向耦合动力学计算模型。详细分析不同行车速度下车轮扁疤和美国6级线路不平顺谱对轮轨垂向力的影响,并比较上凸型和下凹型钢轨焊缝不平顺所引起的轮轨接触力变化规律的不同之处,同时也对轮轨垂向力数据进行统计分析,从而得到设计轮载和常用轮载的取值。研究结果表明:在车轮扁疤激励下,轮轨垂向力和动载系数随着行车速度的增加,呈现先增大后减小的趋势;下凹型钢轨焊缝不平顺对轮轨相互作用力的影响较大,而上凸型钢轨焊缝不平顺对轮重减载率的影响较显著;与钢轨焊缝不平顺相比,车轮扁疤对轮轨相互作用力的影响更大,因此在有轨电车车辆的日常养护维修过程中应及时对车轮扁疤进行维修;建议现代有轨电车无砟轨道的设计轮载和常用轮载分别取为静轮载的1.45倍和1.25倍。In order to determine the specific values of the design wheel load and the common wheel load of the modern tram ballastless track, according to the principle of wheel-rail interaction, the tarm-ballastless track vertical coupling dynamic model was established. The effects of wheel flat and the irregularity spectrum of grade five lines in the United States on the vertical wheel-rail force under different driving speeds were analyzed in detail. And the difference of wheel-rail force caused by concave and convex rail welding irregularity was compared. Then the statistical analysis of the wheel-rail vertical force data was carried out, and the values of the design wheel load and the common wheel load were obtained. The results show that the wheel-rail vertical force and dynamic load coefficient tend to increase first and then decrease with the increase of driving speed under the excitation of the wheel flat. Secondly, the concave rail welding irregularity has a greater influence on the wheel-rail vertical force, and the convex rail welding irregularity is more significant for the wheel unloading rate. Thirdly, compared with the rail welding irregularity, the wheel flat has a greater influence on the wheel-rail force. Therefore, the wheel flat should be repaired in time during the routine maintenance and repair of the tram vehicle. Finally, it is suggested that the design wheel load and the common wheel load of the modern tram ballastless track are taken as 1.45 times and 1.25 times of the static wheel load respectively.

关 键 词：现代有轨电车 无砟轨道 设计轮载 常用轮载 统计分析 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]