秸秆还田对旱作马铃薯块茎淀粉合成关键酶活性及基因表达的影响  

Effects of straw returning on activities and gene expression of key enzymes related to tuber starch synthesis in rainfed potato

作　　者：苏旺 谢蕊蕊 王舰[1,3,4,5] SU Wang;XIE Rui-rui;WANG Jian(Acade-my of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University/Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Xining 810016,China;College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agri-culture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biotechnology of Ministry of Education,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Labo-ratory of Potato Breeding of Qinghai,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青海省农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学生态环境工程学院,西宁810016 [3]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016 [4]青海大学青藏高原生物技术教育部重点实验室,西宁810016 [5]青海省马铃薯育种重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第5期1566-1574,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金(2017-ZJ-960Q);青海省重大科技专项(2017-NK-A7、2019-NK-A1);青海省科技合作专项(2018-HZ-802);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-9)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨秸秆还田下旱作马铃薯块茎形成过程中淀粉合成关键酶活性及基因表达特性,以马铃薯栽培品种"青薯9号"为材料,以露地栽培为对照,设置秸秆还田处理,研究了马铃薯块茎形成过程中淀粉合成关键酶活性、基因表达、淀粉糊化及累积指标。结果表明:秸秆还田显著提高了旱作马铃薯SSS酶活性,降低了AGPP、GBSS酶活性,而对SBE酶活性没有显著影响;显著提高了SSⅡ、SSⅢ基因表达量,降低了AGPase、GBSSⅠ、SBEⅠ、SBEⅡ基因表达量;显著增加了淀粉崩解值,减少了淀粉各阶段粘度、回生值,而对淀粉糊化温度没有显著影响;显著增加了直链淀粉含量及直/支链淀粉比,减少了总淀粉含量;GBSS酶活性与AGPase、SBEⅠ基因表达量呈显著正相关,与直链淀粉含量、直/支链淀粉比呈显著负相关;SBE酶活性与SSⅡ基因表达量、峰值粘度、低谷粘度、最终粘度、总淀粉含量呈显著正相关,与崩解值、糊化温度呈显著负相关;AGPase基因表达量与直链淀粉含量呈显著负相关;GBSSⅠ基因表达量与最终粘度、回生值呈显著正相关,与糊化温度呈显著负相关;淀粉糊化与累积无显著相关性。A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of straw returning on activities and gene expression of key enzymes related to tuber starch synthesis in rainfed potato(Qingshu 9)during tuber formation.We measured the activities and gene expression of key enzymes related to starch synthesis,starch gelatinization characteristics,and starch accumulation.The results showed that straw returning significantly enhanced activity of SSS enzyme,gene expression of SSⅡand SSⅢ,starch breakdown,amylase content and ratio of amylase to amylopectin,and decreased activities of AGPP and GBSS enzyme,gene expression of AGPase,GBSSⅠ,SBEⅠ,and SBEⅡ,starch viscosity at various stages,starch retrogradation,and total starch content,but not affected SBE enzyme activity and starch pasting temperature in the whole process of tuber formation.GBSS enzyme activity was significanly positively correlated with AGPase,SBEⅠgene expres-sion,and negatively correlated with amylase content and ratio of amylase to amylopectin.SBE enzyme activity was significantly positively correlated with SSⅡgene expression,peak viscosity,trough viscosity,final viscosity and total starch content,and negatively correlated with starch breakdown and pasting temperature.AGPase gene expression was significantly negatively correlated with amylase content.GBSSⅠgene expression had a significantly positive correlation with starch final viscosity and starch retrogradation,and a significantly negative correlation with starch pasting temperature.Starch gelatinization was not significantly correlated with starch accumulation.

关 键 词：马铃薯 秸秆还田 淀粉合成关键酶 糊化特性 淀粉累积 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]