考虑成本约束和可靠性的检测器优化布设  

Optimization of sensor location considering cost constraint and reliability

作　　者：栾鑫[1,2] 程琳 李梦莹[3] Luan Xin;Cheng Lin;Li Mengying(School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Department of City and Regional Planning,The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,NC 27599,USA;Jinan Rail Transit Group First Operation Company Limited,Jinan 250306,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通学院,南京211189 [2]Department of City and Regional Planning,The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,NC 27599,USA [3]济南轨道交通集团第一运营有限公司,济南250306

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期580-585,共6页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51578150);国家留学基金资助项目(201806090195).

摘　　要：针对路网中交通检测器布设问题,同时考虑到各路段布设费用差异性、总成本约束与检测器故障情况及观测数据随机不确定性,根据误差传播规律,以降低综合布设费用和提高路段流量推算可靠性为目标,构建了多目标检测器优化布设模型.为验证数学模型的科学性有效性,运用Nguyen-Dupuis和Sioux-Fall网络进行算例对比分析,研究结果表明:通过优化求解算法可获取最佳检测器布设方案,降低了检测器配置费用、提升了路网流量估计质量,且满足全路段流量完整可观测性要求,其流量推算次数及误差累计能有效减少20%与19%,论证了该模型在中大型网络上的适用性和合理性;其设计主要基于网络自身拓扑结构和节点流量守恒方程,不需要历史交通信息及路径信息,有效降低了计算复杂度.For the network sensor location problem(NSLP),considering the layout costs'diversities of different links,total cost constraint,sensor failure,random uncertainty of observation data,and the error propagation rule at the same time,a multi-objective sensor optimization layout model was established to reduce the comprehensive layout cost and promote the reliability of link flow inference.To verify the scientificity and validity of the mathematical model,Nguyen-Dupuis and Sioux-Fall networks are adopted for numerical analysis and further comparison.The research results show that the optimal sensor layout scheme can be obtained by an optimization solution algorithm(decreasing the sensor layout cost and improving the quality of link flow estimate),and the number of the link flow inference and the cumulative error can be reduced by 20%and 19%,respectively,meeting the requirements of complete link flow observability and demonstrating the applicability and the rationality of the model in medium-sized and large-scale networks.Its design is mainly based on the network topology and the node flow conservation equation instead of the historical traffic information and path enumeration,reducing the computational complexity and proposing a new approach for solving the NSLP.Thus it has a certain reference value for practical engineering applications.

关 键 词：路网检测器布局 多目标优化模型 整数规划问题 全路段流量估计 误差传播与增殖 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]