《齐民要术》农耕文化价值的再认识  

Re-recognition on the Value of Cultivation Culture in Qi Min Yao Shu

作　　者：惠富平[1] 孙雁冰[1,2] HUI Fu-ping;SUN Yan-bing(Institute of Chinese Agricultural Civilization of Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;Jiangsu Open University Foreign Studies College,Nanjing 210036)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏开放大学外语学院,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《中国农史》2020年第2期50-57,共8页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：2017年国家社科基金重大委托项目课题《中华传统文化百部经典·齐民要术》(17@ZH004)。

摘　　要：《齐民要术》是中国传统农学经典,在民族文化传承和农业遗产保护的时代背景下,体现出重要的农耕文化价值。在民生思想方面,该书以儒家"富而教之"的治国理念为指导,总结农业生产经验,为平民百姓传授治生致富、防灾救荒的方法,克服了儒家文化虽讲"民本""富教",却又贱农轻农的思想缺陷。在生态文化方面,"顺天时,量地利"以及把握动植物"物性"的农学思想,贯穿于全书始终,表现出农业生产的任务主要是通过各种技术措施协调自然条件与作物生长的关系,防灾减灾,提高作物收成。在饮食文化方面,《要术》总结的农产品加工贮藏技术及食品烹制方法丰富多彩,弥补了北魏以前文献记载的不足,反映出传统食品加工制作的特点以及南北各地、胡汉民族饮食文化交流的具体内容。在文献传承与农业遗产保护方面,《要术》不仅在中国古农书体系中处于核心地位,而且长期代表世界农学的最高水平,是今人正本清源,加强相关农业遗产保护与研究不可或缺的文献依据。Qi Min Yao Shu is the classics of Agronomy in Chinese traditional agriculture. Under the background of inheriting ethnic culture and preserving agricultural heritage, Qi Min Yao Shu has exemplified important value of cultivation culture. In the aspect of people’s livelihood thought, under the guidance of the concept of governing a state of"wealth teach"in Confucianism, this book summarized the experience of agricultural production,taught the methods of getting rich from health and preventing disaster and famine relief,thus to overcome the ideological flaws in Confucianism concept that emphasizing on"people-oriented"and"rich-teaching"but despising agriculture. In the aspect of ecological culture, the agricultural thought, which contains the connotation of"making use of time and quantity"and mastering the physical property of animals and plants, has run through the whole book;thus to manifest the main duty of agriculture is coordinating the relationships between natural conditions and crops growth, preventing and reducing natural disasters,and raising the harvesting of crops by using all kinds of technical measures. In the aspect of catering culture,the processing and storage technology of agricultural products and cooking methods of food summarized by Qi Min Yao Shu, have made up the deficiency of the documents before Northern Wei Dynasty and reflected the characteristics of processing traditional food and the communication contents among northern parts,southern parts, Hu and Han nationality. In the aspect of document inheritance and agricultural heritage protection, Qi Min Yao Shu, has not only occupies a network centrality in Chinese ancient agricultural books systems, but also represent the highest level in the world agriculture for a long time. It is also an irreplaceable document basis for nowadays academic circle to reform radically and strengthen relative agricultural heritage protection and research.

关 键 词：《齐民要术》 农耕文化传承 农业遗产保护 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]