宋代省试评卷制度探析  

An Analysis of the Marking System of Provincial Examination in Song Dynasty

作　　者：安国楼[1] 夏亚飞 AN Guo-lou;XIA Ya-fei

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期78-83,127,共7页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“宋代科场管理制度研究”(项目编号:2018M642764);国家社会科学基金项目“宋代科举法研究”(项目编号:19CZS025)。

摘　　要：宋代在继承隋唐科举制度的基础上,逐渐形成了一套相对完善的省试阅卷、考校和上奏的评卷制度。宋代省试三级阅卷制度经历了一个复杂的发展过程,宋代初年由知举官负责阅卷考校,北宋真宗时期采用二级阅卷考校,至南宋发展为三级阅卷考校。宋代省试阅卷考校对诗赋音韵、文章字数和文风都有具体的评判标准。诗赋要求押韵,且制定了专门的押韵条令。文章字数有严格的规定。同时评卷注重实用文风,摒斥虚浮言论。宋代省试评卷结果由礼部向皇帝上奏合格考生的等第字号,奏名的人数并无定额,大体随着时间的推移而有所增加,同时实行了上呈前十名的考生试卷制度。宋代省试评卷制度是科举考试制度的重要组成部分,不仅有利于宋代科举考试的公平公正,而且对后世评卷制度产生了深远影响。On the basis of inheriting the imperial examination system of the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Song Dynasty gradually formed a set of relatively perfect marking system of provincial examination consisting of going over papers, textual collation and presenting to the emperor. The three-level marking system of the provincial examination in the Song Dynasty experienced a complex development process. In the early years of the Song Dynasty, only the magistrate was responsible for the examination, and during the Zhenzong period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the second-level examination was adopted, and it developed into the third-level examination in the Southern Song Dynasty. The marking of provincial examination in the Song Dynasty has specific criteria for judging the rhyme of poetry and Fu, the number of words and style of writing. Poetry and Fu requires rhyming and formulates special rhyming rules;the number of words in the article has strict regulations;at the same time, the marking scheme pays attention to the practical style of writing and rejects the empty speech. The marking system of the provincial examination in the Song Dynasty is an important part of the imperial examination system, which is not only conducive to the fairness and impartiality of the imperial examination, but also has a far-reaching impact on the marking system of later generations.

关 键 词：宋代 科举 省试 评卷制度 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]