红山文化正坐造像与亚非欧大陆的早期中西交通  

The Early Communication between China and the West by Statue in Decent Sitting Posture of Hongshan Culture and Asian,African and European Continents

作　　者：田广林[1] 任妮娜[1] 周政[1] Tian Guanglin;Ren Nina;Zhou Zheng(School of History,Culture and Tourism,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116081,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2020年第5期6-10,23,共6页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国五千年文明起源连续性发展机制研究”(19AZS016);国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代的‘中国’认同与中华民族形成研究”(15ZDB027)。

摘　　要：人类的正坐姿态,是文明社会礼仪制度和等级秩序的产物。中国传统的正坐姿式是两膝着地,脚掌朝上,臀部附着其上的跪坐。近年红山文化遗存中大量跪坐、盘坐、高坐人形造像的发现,不仅把带有文明因素的跪坐礼容造像传统直接向前延展到距今5500年之前的红山文化晚期,同时也确切地证明,远在赵武灵王胡服骑射和佛教传入中国之前的3000多年,屈腿盘坐和垂脚高坐这两种正坐姿态,就已经在中国北方的辽海地区客观存在并长期流行,古代中国远在张骞“凿空”西域数千年之前的红山文化时代,就与遥远的西方世界,有着客观存在的交通往来关系。People’s decent sitting posture is viewed as the product from the civilized society etiquette system and the hierarchical order.The traditional decent sitting posture refers to the posture of sitting on both knees with feet facing up and the hips sitting on the knees.Large numbers of statues sitting on hands and knees,siting with crossed legs or sitting straight have been found in Hongshan culture relics in recent years.The findings have directly pushed the custom of kneeling ceremony with civilization elements ahead to the late Hongshan culture 5500 years ago.It is also proved that as far away as the period of wearing Hu dress and shooting on horse in Zhao kingdom ruled by King and more than 3,000 years before the period when Buddhism was introduced into China,the two sitting posture,siting with crossed legs or sitting straight with dangling legs,had already existed and become popular for a long time.In the era of Hongshan culture as far as thousands of years ago when Zhang Qian“chiselled”western regions,ancient China has the substantial communication with the distant western world in business by transport.

关 键 词：红山文化 正坐造像 早期中西交通 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]