从农而不士到农有农士:农业人才观念的转变和近代农科教育的兴起  

Changes in the Concept of Agricultural Talents and the Rise of Modern Agricultural Education

作　　者：王雪 Wang Xue

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2020年第3期231-237,共7页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“近代中国乡村建设资料编年整理与研究(1901-1949)”(项目编号:17ZDA198)。

摘　　要：在中国古代,传统士人重视农业生产,却轻视农业人才,以致未能形成专业的农业人才培养体系。直至清末之际,有识之士面对中西方农业发展的巨大差距,传统的农才观念开始发生转变。伴随着西方农学知识的传入,独立的农科体系构建起来,直接推动了农科教育的兴起和农业专门人才的产生。晚清农业学堂的肇建和快速发展,是农业人才教育体系从无到有的直接体现。癸卯学制颁行后,较为完善的农业教育体系框架基本构建起来。In ancient China,traditional scholars attached great importance to agricultural production,but neglected agricultural talents,thus failing to form a professional agricultural talent training system.Until the end of the Qing Dynasty,the traditional concept of agricultural talent began to change in the face of the huge gap between Chinese and western agricultural development.With the introduction of western agronomy knowledge,the establishment of an independent agricultural science system has directly promoted the rise of agricultural education and the emergence of agricultural professionals.The establishment and rapid development of agricultural schools in the late Qing Dynasty was the direct reflection of the education system for agricultural talents from scratch.After the promulgation of Guimao school system,a more integrated framework of agricultural education system had been basically established.

关 键 词：农业人才 农科教育 农学 农业学堂 

分 类 号：K529[历史地理—历史学]