奥格布的文化生态理论: 社会学与人类学的教育融合  

Ogbu’s Cultural Ecological Theory:Educational Integration of Sociology and Anthropology

作　　者：秦启光[1] QIN Qiguang(The School of Teacher Education,Huzhou University,HuZhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院教师教育学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2020年第5期54-60,共7页Journal of Huzhou University

摘　　要：在文化与社会结构的连接和相互作用中,社会学与人类学的交织话语体系显示了文化生态理论范式融合的属性。而学界对奥格布基于种族不公的文化生态理论的评价普遍存在狭隘与片面的取向。文化生态理论是奥格布结合了人类学文化生态分析及社会学结构功能主义,甚至吸收了马克思主义,通过多层次的学校民族志实征研究而形成的基础理论。既展现出了教育社会学中抗拒理论的意蕴,又体现了人类学家文化相对主义的理性思考。契合了20世纪70年代以来,整个欧美教育人类学理论嬗变及新教育社会学范式转移的进程,具有提纲式预示和启迪作用。因此,理解奥格布的理论就需要在文化与社会这个人类学和社会学协商的广阔话语体系内,透过对学科演进的科学革命历程的照见,探寻其理论更本质的倾诉,从而为教育学科发展提供启示。In the connection and interaction between culture and social structure,the interwoven discourse system of sociology and anthropology shows the nature of the integrative paradigm of cultural ecological theory.However,the academic evaluation of Ogbu’s cultural ecological theory based on racial injustice is generally narrow and one sided.The cultural ecology theory is the basic theory formed by Ogbu,which combines anthropological cultural ecology analysis and sociological structural functionalism,and even absorbs Marxism,through empirical research of multi level school ethnography.It not only shows the implication of the resistance theory in cultural ecology,but also reflects the rational thinking of cultural relativism in anthropologists.It follows the process of the evolution of educational anthropology theory and the shift of new educational sociology paradigm in Europe and America since the 1970s and has a great role in outlining forecast and enlightenment.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the theory of Ogbu in the broad discourse system of cultural and social which based on anthropology and sociology consultation,exploring more essential confession of his theory through the scientific revolution course of subject evolution to get inspiration for the development of educational discipline.

关 键 词：奥格布 文化生态理论 抗拒论 融合 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]