基于语料库的词语搭配研究——以副词「いきなり」「突然」「急に」为例  

A Corpus-based Research on Collocation--A Case Study on Adverbs“ikinari”,“totsuzenn”and“kyuwuni”

作　　者：赵圣花[1] 刘艳伟[1] Zhao Shenghua;Liu Yanwei

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学软件学院,大连116023

出　　处：《外语教育研究》2020年第1期22-30,共9页Foreign Language Education & Research

摘　　要：基于日本NLB语料库,对一组意义相近的副词「いきなり」「突然」「急に」的后续动词的搭配特征进行了考察。通过NLB语料库自动呈现的各词语搭配的共现频数、MI值、LD值的数据分析,概括了它们与动词搭配的典型特征。考察结果发现,与「いきなり」共现的动词大部分是对于行为承受者来说毫无准备的直接行为,未预料到的事态的发生给行为承受者带来惊讶和刺激的感觉。与「突然」共现的动词大部分是某个瞬间成立的动作、作用、现象,主要用于人的行为、自然的原因带来事态的急剧变化。意识行为主要用于表示动作、移动、方向的事态的变化。与「急に」共现的动词大部分是变化动词。This study examines and compares the collocation of three Japanese adverbs with similar meaning:“ikinari”,“totsuzenn”and“kyuwuni”based on the Japanese corpus—NLB.Data analysis was conducted from three aspects:co-occurrence frequency,MI value and LD coefficient to summarize the typical characteristics when the adverbs are in collocation with verbs.It is found out that most of the verbs going with“ikinari”show direct bahaviors which are totally unexpected to the bearers,to whom the occurrence of unanticipated events brings surprises and stimulations.Most of the verbs in collocation with“totsuzenn”show actions,effects and phenomena established instantaneously,which are mainly used to express sudden changes caused by human bahaviors or natural causes.Conscious behaviors are primarily used to express the changes of actions,movements and directions.Most of the verbs matching“kyuwuni”are process verbs.

关 键 词：近义词 词语搭配 いきなり 突然 急に 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]