语境视域下英汉反义同词的语义解读  

The Semantic Specification of English and Chinese Auto-Antonyms in Contexts

作　　者：黄兵 HUANG Bing(Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学外国语学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期168-174,共7页JOURNAL OF GUANGXI MINZU UNIVERSITY:PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION

基　　金：湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目“英汉语言中形式与语义悖义现象的对比研究”(项目编号:15Y106);湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目“恩施话中一词多义及其文化理据探讨”(项目编号:2011jyty072)。

摘　　要：反义同词是指共时或历时层面在同一语义范畴和语法范畴内兼有至少两个相反或相对义项的词,它是一种特殊的一词多义现象。反义同词的反义内涵包括相对性反义、互补性反义、换位性反义和反向性反义。反义同词语义具有多义性、模糊性或不确定性,具体语境中的语义解读需要语言语境、情景语境和文化语境结合交际主体的认知能力与百科知识进行语用充实。Auto-antonyms are a special type of polysemic words;each auto-antonym is a lexical item with at least two senses in opposition within the common aspect from synchronic and diachronic perspective.The sense-relations of opposition and exclusion of the two senses of the same lexical item include polarity,complementarity,conversivity,and reversivity.Auto-antonyms are semantically under-specified in some cases,which can be pragmatically enriched with the aid of linguistic context,context of situation,context of culture as well as the language users’cognitive ability,real-world knowledge,and inference.

关 键 词：英汉反义同词 文化语境 语义解读 交际主体 

分 类 号：H0-09[语言文字—语言学]