卢梭的道德教育方法——爱欲重构文明社会的自由  

Rousseau's Method of Moral Education:Desire and Love Reconstruct the Liberty in Civilized Society

作　　者：黄子晨 HUANG Zi-chen(Yuanpei College of Peking University,Beijing,100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学元培学院,北京100871

出　　处：《教育教学论坛》2020年第25期142-143,共2页Education And Teaching Forum

摘　　要：卢梭指出,自然状态下的人孤独而自足,自然人的生活实则是一种纯粹美好的状态。随着社会化进程的加快和欲望的膨胀,人也逐渐失去了自由。在《爱弥儿》等著作中,我们始终可以看到这条"自然状态"与"文明社会"对勘的双重主线。从自然状态到文明社会,"爱弥儿"的自然性与社会性最终在"爱欲"的道德教育与重构中达到自由的统一。涂尔干曾称卢梭为社会学的先驱,而其在《爱弥儿》中折返于自然、社会之间的教育方式,亦可视为对二重性问题探讨的先驱。Rousseau points out people in natural state are solitary and self-sufficient,and the life of natural people is a purely beautiful state.With the progress of socialization and expansion of desire,people lose their freedom gradually.In Rousseau's works,such as Emile,there is always a dual main line of"natural state"and"civilized society".From the natural state to a civilized society,the naturalness and sociality of Emile finally reach the unity of freedom in the moral education and reconstruction of"love and desire".Durkheim once called Rousseau the pioneer of sociology,and his educational method of turning back between nature and society in Emile can also be regarded as a pioneer in the discussion of duality of human nature.

关 键 词：卢梭 道德 教育 爱弥儿 

分 类 号：G40-01[文化科学—教育学原理]