纯电动汽车机电复合制动的模型预测分配策略  

Electrical Vehicle Electro-Mechanical Hybrid Braking Torques Distribution Strategy Based on Model Predicting Control

作　　者：郭兆松[1,2] 吴士力[1,2] 文爱民[1] GUO Zhao-song;WU Shi-li;WEN Ai-min(Nanjing Vocational Institute of Transport Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing211188,China;Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京交通职业技术学院,江苏南京211188 [2]南京理工大学,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2020年第7期156-160,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程一期项目(PPZY2015B175);江苏高校“蓝青工程”资助项目(苏教师2017-15)。

摘　　要：为了提高纯电动汽车制动过程中的能量回收率和制动稳定性,提出了基于模型预测控制的制动力矩分配方法。建立了纯电动汽车机电复合制动系统关键部件模型和动力学模型。提出了适用于任何地面的改进Burckhardt轮胎模型,用于实时计算当前路面的最佳滑移率。以跟踪最佳滑移率和控制量增量最小为目标,使用模型预测控制完成了前后轮制动力矩的分配。设计了制动踏板对复合制动系统的控制方案和再生制动优先使用原则,完成了后轮复合制动力矩的分配,同时获得了良好的制动踏板感觉。经仿真验证,在初速为78km/h、路面附着系数为0.8的工况下,控制器与文献[11]模糊控制器相比,制动时间减少由2.95s减少为2.80s,制动能量回收率提高了20%,实现了研究目标。In order to improve energy recovery rate and driving stability in the vehicle braking process,braking torques distribution method based on model predicting control is proposed.Electro-mechanical hybrid braking system model and kinetics model are built.Improved Burckhardt model suitable for any road condition is put forward,and it is used to calculate optimal slip rate of current road.Setting the objects of tracking optimal slip rate and maximizing control increment,front and rear wheel braking torques are distributed by model predicting control.Control scheme of brake pedal on hybrid braking system and priority principle of regenerative brake are designed,so that hybrid braking torque is distributed by the priority rule,and at the same time,good braking pedal feel is gotten.Clarified by simulation,in condition of 78km/h initial speed and 0.8 road attachment coefficient.Compared the controller in this essay and fuzzy controller in essay[11],braking time decreases to 2.8s from 2.95s,and braking energy recovery rate increases by 20%,which means that the study object overcomes.

关 键 词：纯电动汽车 机电复合制动 改进Burckhardt模型 模型预测控制 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]