论金圣叹的扶乩降神活动及其影响  

Discussion on Jin Shengtan’s Practicing of Witchcraft and Its Influences

作　　者：陈蕾[1] Chen Lei

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200241

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2020年第2期50-56,共7页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

摘　　要：金圣叹借上方山五通神夫人的名义,在苏州地区进行了长达十余年的扶乩降神活动。该活动将扶乩问卜与佛道斋醮、文学创作融于一体,具有深刻的宗教、文化内涵。金圣叹的扶乩降神活动,既是其儒、释、道思想杂糅的结果,也是苏州地区宗教文化氛围与社会思潮的产物。扶乩降神的人生经历不仅影响了金圣叹的诗文创作、佛学著述及其文学批评观念的产生,还造成了世人对金圣叹褒贬不一的社会评价、以及妖魔化与神祗化的身份塑造。对扶乩活动的探究,既有助于贴近金圣叹真实的历史面貌,又有助于解答金圣叹为什么会在文学史上形成狂放不羁、特立独行、孤高自傲的形象定位。In the name of Lady of Wutongshen(five gods)in Shangfang Mountain,Jin Shengtan has practiced witchcraft in Suzhou for more than 10 years.This activity integrates Fuqi interrogation and divination with Buddhist,Taoist literary creation,and has profound religious and cultural connotations.Jin’s practicing of witchcraft is not only the result of the mixture of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,but also the product of the religious and cultural atmosphere and ethos in Suzhou.The experience of witchcraft not only influenced Jin Shengtan’s poetry creation,Buddhist writings and literary criticism,but also resulted in different social appraisals of Jin Shengtan,as well as demonization and deification of his image.The exploration of Jin Shengtan’s practicing of Witchcraft not only helps to approach Jin’s real historical outlook,but also helps to explain how the identity of Jin as an unrestrained,independent and arrogant Jin Shengtan in the history of literature has been shaped.

关 键 词：金圣叹 扶乩降神活动 文学批评 身份塑造 

分 类 号：I206.09[文学—中国文学]