北京市初中生自伤行为现状及其与受欺凌行为关系  

Self-harm and its association with bullying victimization among junior high school students in Beijing

作　　者：李柴全 张京舒 吕若然[2] 段佳丽[2] 雷园婷 罗冬梅 闫晓晋 宋逸[1] LI Chai-quan;ZHANG Jing-shu;LÜ Ruo-ran(Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第6期884-888,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJA890022)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市初中生自伤行为现状及其与受欺凌行为之间的关系,为预防初中生自伤行为提供科学依据。方法于2014年3—5月采用分层整群随机抽样方法在北京市16个区县抽取14 769名初中生进行问卷调查。结果北京市初中生的自伤行为发生率为15.9%,男生自伤行为发生率(14.5%)低于女生(17.4%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.075,P <0.001);发生1、2~3和≥4次自伤行为者分别为1 140、729和477人,分别占有自伤行为初中生的48.6%、31.1%和20.3%。北京市初中生被恶意取笑、被索要财物、被孤立、被恐吓、被暴力欺凌、被开色情玩笑和因长相受欺凌的发生率分别为39.8%、7.1%、6.2%、14.3%、8.0%、19.8%和14.5%。在控制了性别、年级、地区和学校类型等混杂因素后,多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,偶尔和经常被恶意取笑、被索要财物、被孤立、被恐吓、被暴力欺凌、被开色情玩笑和因长相受欺凌7种欺凌行为均会增加自伤行为的发生风险(均P <0.05),受欺凌行为的发生频率越高,自伤行为发生风险越高。结论北京市初中生自伤行为与受欺凌行为有显著关联,受欺凌行为的发生频率越高,其自伤行为发生风险越高。Objective To examine the prevalence of self-harm behavior among junior high school students in Beijing and to explore the association between self-harm and bullying victimization for providing evidences for self-harm prevention in the students.Methods We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 14933 students from 63 junior high schools selected with stratified multistage cluster sampling in 16 counties/districts of Beijing municipality from March to May 2014.Results Of 14769 students with valid response,15.9%reported having self-harm behavior during past 12 months and the reported prevalence rate of self-harm behavior was significantly lower among the boy students than among the girl students(14.5%vs.17.4%,χ2=22.075;P<0.001).Among the students with self-harm behaviors,48.6%(n=1140),31.1%(729),and 20.3%(477)reported committing a self-harm once,twice or three times,and four times or more,respectively.The reported proportions of bullying victimization during past one month in the students were 39.8%for malicious teasing,19.8%for sexual teasing,14.5%for bullying on the pretext of looks,14.3%for threatening,8.0%for violence incident,7.1%for extorting money or property,and 6.2%for deliberated isolation,respectively.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that all the 7 bullying victimizations mentioned above could significantly increase the risk of self-harm behaviors after controlling for confounding factors such as gender,grade,residential region,and school type(P<0.05 for all)and the bullying victimization was positively correlated with the risk of self-harm among the students.Conclusion Bullying victimization is significantly associated with self-harm behavior positively in an affectresponse manner among junior high school students in Beijing.

关 键 词：自伤行为 受欺凌行为 初中生 关系 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]