基于机器视觉的板式换热器板片微裂纹检测方法研究  

Microcrack detection method for plate heat exchanger based on machine vision

作　　者：张鑫鹏 魏立峰 苑玮琦[2] 丁志博 ZHANG Xin-peng;WEI Li-feng;YUAN Wei-qi;DING Zhi-bo(College of Infromation Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;Computer Vision Group,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学信息工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142 [2]沈阳工业大学视觉检测技术研究所,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《机电工程》2020年第7期856-860,共5页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61271365)。

摘　　要：针对板式换热器板片微裂纹人工检测出错率高,渗透检测实时性低等问题,对板片图像采集、微裂纹形态、区域分割、边缘提取与特征量化等方面进行了研究,提出了一种基于机器视觉的微裂纹检测方法。通过阈值算法,分割出了可能存在微裂纹的感兴趣区域;采用Canny算子在感兴趣区域内进行了微裂纹的粗提取,计算了每个粗提取结果的空间位置特征和局部灰度特征,根据定义的特征约束条件对各个粗提取结果进行了筛选,从而获取到了真正的微裂纹;利用工厂采集到的图像对检测方法进行了测试。研究结果表明:该方法能够满足无漏检和低误检的工业要求,并且具有较好的实时性,对板式换热器板片微裂纹的自动化检测具有一定的实际应用价值。Aiming at the problems of high detection error rate and low real-time penetrate detection of micro-cracks in plate heat exchanger plates,the image acquisition,micro-crack morphology,region segmentation,edge extraction and feature quantization were studied.A micro-crack detection method was based on machine vision.The region of interest where microcracks may exist was segmented by the threshold algorithm.The Canny operator was used to extract the microcracks in the region of interest,and the spatial position features and local gray features of each rough extraction result were calculated.According to the defined features,the constraints were used to screen the results of each rough extraction to obtain true microcracks.The detection method was tested by the image collected by the factory.The results indicate that the method can meet the industrial requirements of no-leakage detection and low false detection,and has real-time performance.It has certain practical application value for the automatic detection of micro-cracked on the plate heat exchanger plate.

关 键 词：机器视觉 换热器板片 微裂纹 缺陷检测 边缘检测 特征提取 

分 类 号：TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TP391.41[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]