当代康德研究中的概念主义与非概念主义之争  

The Debate Between Conceptualism and Non-conceptualism in Contemporary Kant’s Study

作　　者：宫睿[1] Gong Rui

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学哲学系,北京102249

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期124-134,214,共12页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国政法大学政治哲学与法哲学交叉学科建设支持项目。

摘　　要：概念主义和非概念主义之争是当代认识论中的一个重要话题,这场争论也渗透到康德学界形成了两种对立立场。非概念主义认为"无概念则盲"并不表明概念对于感知是必要的,形成感知对象所需的综合功能能够在非概念的条件下完成,且提出了一些感知的非概念特征;相反,概念主义则认为范畴在感知中扮演着不可或缺的角色,综合有赖于知性的作用,如果否认了概念在感知对象中的作用,先验演绎的任务就是失败的。相较而言,概念主义解读更有说服力,在康德那里范畴对于感知对象是不可或缺的,但康德式的概念主义并不同于麦克道威尔式的概念主义,前者能够在感知对象的基础上接纳广泛的非概念特征。非概念主义的论证,如精细论证与双手论证等等,对麦克道威尔式的概念主义有效但并不对康德式的概念主义有效。The debate between conceptualism and non-conceptualism is an important topic in contemporary epistemology.This controversy also spread to Kant’s study and formed two rival interpretations.This articlefirst expounds the core theses and arguments of these two interpretations.Non-conceptualism insists thatno concept is blinddoes not mean that concepts are necessary for perception.The synthetic functions necessary toform perceptual objects can be fulfilled without concepts,and some non-conceptual traits of perception aresuggested.In contrast,conceptualism believes that categories are indispensable for perceptual objects and thesynthetic function also depends on the role of understanding.If the role of concepts in perceptual objects isexcluded,the task of transcendental deduction is doomed to failure.Through the exploration of two sorts ofinterpretations,this article roughly accepts the conceptualism interpretation,and insists that the category is indispensable to the perceptual object in Kant’s philosophy,but Kantian conceptualism is largelydistinguished from McDowellian conceptualism.The former can accept extensive non-conceptual traits on thebasis of perceptual objects.Non-conceptualism arguments,such as fine-grained argument and two-hand argument,successfully reject McDowellian conceptualism,but don’t defeat Kantian conceptualism.

关 键 词：康德研究 概念主义 非概念主义 综合 范畴 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]