基于双目视觉的薄壁零件变形量测量  

Deformation Measurement of Thin-walled Part Based on Binocular Vision

作　　者：邢丽[1] 张弘治 陈曦[3,4] 王刚[5] XING Li;ZHANG Hong-zhi;CHEN Xi;WANG Gang(College of Information,Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College,Harbin 150088,China;Chang Guang Satellite Technology CO.,LTD,Changchun 130102,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,China;College of Information and Communication Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江农业工程职业学院信息学院,哈尔滨150088 [2]长光卫星技术有限公司,长春130102 [3]黑龙江工程学院机电工程学院,哈尔滨150050 [4]哈尔滨工程大学信息与通讯工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [5]哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《光子学报》2020年第7期81-94,共14页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Project(No.2018YFF01012900);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51779059);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018M630343);Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Institute of Technology for Doctor Scholars(No.2015QJ04)。

摘　　要：针对薄壁零件变形量测量困难且过程繁琐的问题,提出了一种基于双目视觉的薄壁零件变形量测量方法 .对于零件表面变形量的测量,将具有基准坐标系标记点的刚性金属块安装在被测零件上,并在零件表面粘贴多个设计的编码标志点和彩色圆形定位点.利用彩色标记点分割出基准坐标系和编码标记点的有效图像区域,排除干扰图像特征.进行基准坐标系标记点和编码标记点的识别和检测,利用设计的角点结构实现标记点圆心的精确定位,并计算得到测量点的三维坐标.在基准坐标系下,通过计算零件变形前后表面关键点的三维坐标变化得到工件表面变形量.对于零件边缘变形,采用改进Canny边缘检测算法提取零件边缘的有效轮廓信息,并利用极线几何约束和灰度相似性对边缘特征进行了立体匹配和三维重建.薄壁零件变形量测量实验和测量精度验证实验表明该测量方法合理有效且测量精度满足要求.Aiming at the problem that the deformation measurement of thin-walled part is difficult and complicated,a method of deformation measurement of thin-walled part based on binocular vision is proposed. For the surface deformation of the part,a rigid metal block with reference coordinate system markers is installed on the measured part,and the designed coded targets and color circular markers are pasted on the surface of the part. The effective image region of the reference coordinate system and the coded targets are segmented by the color circular markers,which can eliminate the interferential image features. The identification and detection of coordinate system markers and coded targets are carried out,which realizes the accurate location of centers by using the designed corner structure,and then the 3 D coordinates of the measurement points are calculated. The surface deformation of the part is calculated by comparing the changes of the 3 D coordinates of the measurement points before and after part deformation.For the edge deformation of part,the improved Canny algorithm is used to extract the edge contour information of part,then the stereo matching and 3 D reconstruction are carried out based on epipolar constraint and gray similarity. The experimental results show that the measurement method is reasonable and effective,and the measurement accuracy meets the requirements.

关 键 词：双目立体视觉 薄壁零件 变形量测量 编码标记点 图像处理 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]