茶树体内咖啡碱生物代谢研究进展  

Research Progress of Caffeine Biological Metabolism in Tea Plant

作　　者：闫振 黄健垚 高路 王登良[2] YAN Zhen;HUANG Jianyao;GAO Lu;WANG Dengliang(Guangdong Takson Food Processing Co.Ltd,Yingde 513000,China;Department of Tea Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]广东德高信食品加工有限公司,513000 [2]华南农业大学茶学系,510642

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2020年第7期1-7,共7页China Tea

基　　金：英德科技项目(JHXM2019013)。

摘　　要：咖啡碱是由嘌呤核苷酸衍生的次生代谢产物,通常占茶叶干重的2%~4%,是茶叶苦味品质的主要贡献成分。茶树中的咖啡碱主要分布在幼嫩的芽叶中,并随芽叶的老化而逐渐减少。咖啡碱在茶树中的主要合成途径为:黄苷→7-甲基黄苷→7-甲基黄嘌呤→可可碱→咖啡碱,N-甲基转移酶在此过程中起着重要的作用。本文从茶树中咖啡碱的含量分布、生物合成与分解代谢途径以及相关基因的表达研究进行综述,并展望其发展前景。Caffeine is a crucial secondary metabolite derived from purine nucleotides and typically accounts for comprises 2%-4%of the dry weight of tea.As one of the major tea flavor components,caffeine is the main contributor to the bitter taste of tea.The caffeine in tea plant is mainly distributed in the young buds and leaves and decreases with the aging of the buds and leaves.The main biosynthesis pathway of caffeine in tea plant is:xanthosine→7-methylxanthosine→7-methylxanthine→theobromine→caffeine,and N-methyltransferase plays an important role in this process.In this paper,the distribution,biosynthesis and catabolism of caffeine in tea and the expression of related genes were reviewed.

关 键 词：茶树 咖啡碱 生物代谢 N-甲基转移酶 

分 类 号：TS272[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]