德国普通教学论的嬗变、危机与展望——基于经典教学论流派的述评  

The Evolution,Crisis and Prospect of General Teaching Theory of Germany:A Review Based on Classical School of Didlactics

作　　者：任平 希尔伯特·迈尔 Ren Ping;Meyer Hilbert(School of Educatiom,Guangzhou Uniuersil y,Guangzhou Guamgdong 510006,China;School of Education,Umizersity of Oldenburg,O.denburg 26129,Germamy)

机构地区：[1]广州大学教育学院,广州510006 [2]德国奥尔登堡大学教育学院,奥尔登堡26129

出　　处：《课程．教材．教法》2020年第8期137-143,共7页Curriculum，Teaching Material and Method

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般课题“德国中小学国家认同课程的理论与实践研究”(18YJC880072);广东省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度专项课题“粤港澳大湾区劳动课程开发与实施策略研究——基于德美日国际比较分析”(2020WQYB031)。

摘　　要：德国传统教学论流派对我国教学论的发展影响深远。从诞生于新人文主义思想中的传统教学论思想,到后期精神科学教学论流派,再到“二战”后教学论发展的“黄金时期”,各类教学论流派不断涌现。自2000年“PISA震惊”后,教学论的发展呈现出三种新的转向:由传统“教养”转向“能力”;由教师的“教”转向学生的“学”;由“普通”转向“学科”。借鉴德国教学论发展的历史与经验,对构建“中国式”教学论体系具有重要意义。The tradition of general didactics in Germany has far-reaching influence on the development of didactics in China.Various classical paradigms of didactics have emerged during the time when the traditional thoughts of didactics hailed from the neo-humanism,and therealter the school of spiritual science in the later period,and then to the“golden period”alter the Second World War,Alter the“PISA Shock”in 2000,there were three general new shilfts of didactics:the shilt from traditional“Bildung-orientation”to“Competence-orientation”,from“teachers'teaching”to“students'learning”,and from“general didactics”to“subject-matter didactics”.The experience ol developing general didactics in Germany is of great signilicance to the construction of a“Chinese-Style”didactics.

关 键 词：德国 普通教学论 嬗变 危机 经典教学论流派 

分 类 号：G42(516)[文化科学—课程与教学论]