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作 者:谢海燕[1] XIE Haiyan(School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079)
出 处:《绍兴文理学院学报》2020年第7期51-60,共10页Journal of Shaoxing University
基 金:浙江省哲学社会科学项目“鲁迅的翻译与‘五四’时期的现代性建构”(15NDJC196YB)。
摘 要:作为鲁迅翻译研究的重要文本——《域外小说集》历来被视为鲁迅直译的典范。很多学者认为鲁迅的直译总是与其文学救亡的政治诉求紧紧捆绑在一起,这种批评模式所构建的鲁迅翻译批评话语中,直译总是被作为论证的起点,却鲜有学者质疑直译本身在鲁迅翻译体系中的合法性和有效性。文章认为,鲁迅在翻译《域外小说集》时运用的直译策略与其后期的硬译风格大相径庭,两者分别呈现而非兼容了鲁迅的“易解丰姿”和“宁信不顺”的翻译思想。鲁迅试图通过硬译来改良汉语语言的不精确性,从而改变国民思维习惯,改造国民性。他的这一政治诉求并不能强加在他的直译之上。相反,在很大程度上,鲁迅的直译指向的并非政治,而是翻译的科学性、文学审美的现代性以及周氏兄弟“为人文”的文学理想。Collection of Foreign Short Stories,one of the most important texts of Lu Xun’s translation,has long been regarded as a paradigm of Lu Xun’s literal translation,which is always considered to be entangled with his political idea of national salvation.In such discourse of Lu Xun’s translation studies,scholars always take literal translation as the starting point of their argument while seldom inquiring whether literal translation per se is legitimately or validly referred to within Lu Xun’s translation system.This paper argues that the literal techniques Lu Xun adopts in his translation of Collection of Foreign Short Stories are drastically different from those of his hard translation,a translation strategy usually ambiguously equivalent to literal translation.Rather,the two,respectively corresponding to Lu Xun’s idea of“explicitness and expressiveness”and“faithfulness rather than fluency”,are mutually incompatible.While hard translation is arguably a method for Lu Xun to fulfill his political goals of improving the inaccuracy of Chinese language,thereby changing Chinese people’s thinking habit and reforming national characters,these political implications should not be imposed on Lu Xun’s literal translation.On the contrary,the latter involves more with the issue of scientificity of translation,modernity of literary aesthetics,and the Zhous’literary ideal for humanity.
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