广州市青少年颞下颌关节紊乱病的致病危险因素调查分析  

Analysis of risk factors of temporomandibular joint disorder of adolescents in Guangzhou

作　　者：杨燕媚 宋志强 罗倩婷 黎星阳 张颖 管红兵 张清彬 YANG Yan-mei;SONG Zhi-qiang;LUO Qian-ting;LI Xing-yang;ZHANG Ying;GUAN Hong-bing;ZHANG Qing-bin(Key laboratory of oral medicine,Guangzhou insititute of oral disease,Stomatolgy hospital of Guangzhou medical university,Guangzhou 510140,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省揭阳市揭西县中医医院口腔科,广东515431 [2]广州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院、口腔医学重点实验室,广东510140

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2020年第2期88-92,共5页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(项目编号:201707010026);广东省科技计划项目(项目编号:2017A020215141)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨广州市青少年的颞下颌关节紊乱病的发病率及其发病危险因素。方法:采用分层随机抽样法抽取的广州市3所中学726名青少年作为研究对象,对其进行面型、颞下颌关节动度及弹响、开口型及开口度、咀嚼肌检查、咬合关系、问卷调查分析,计算青少年TMD患病率,并对颞下颌关节紊乱病的相关危险因素进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果:在694名符合纳入标准的有症状的青少年中,106名(15.27%)至少符合一种RDC/TMD诊断,其中关节盘可复性移位51名(7.35%)最常见。在错[牙合]因素中,前牙深覆[牙合]、后牙反[牙合]、后牙锁[牙合]是引起青少年颞下颌关节紊乱病的主要危险因素;而在不良口腔习惯中,嚼口香糖、磨牙症及偏侧咀嚼是引起青少年颞下颌关节紊乱病的主要危险因素。结论:广州市青少年TMD发病率与全国平均患病率相比较高,应高度重视;不良的口腔习惯、错[牙合]畸形是其危险因素。Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of temporomandibular joint disorders(TMD)in adolescents in Guangzhou.Methods:A sample of 726 adolescents were randomly selected from three middle schools in Guangzhou and underwent TMJ examination(including face type,mobility and snap of TMJ,range of motion,opening type,masseter examination,occlusion)and questionnaire survey.Incidence of TMD and the related risk factors were analyzed.Results:The results indicated that 694 teenagers met the inclusion criteria and 106 teenagers(15.27%)were diagnosed at least one RDC/TMD diagnosis.The most common diagnosis is reversible disc displacement(51/694,7.35%).Anterior overbite,posterior crossbite,posterior scissor-bite,gum chewing,bruxism,unilateral chew are related with the development of TMD.Conclusion:TMD are significantly prevalent in adolescents in Guangzhou,dentists should examine the temporomandibular joints in daily work.Incorrect oral behaviors and malocclusion are risk factors for the development of TMD.

关 键 词：颞下颌关节紊乱病 青少年 流行病学调查 因素 

分 类 号：R782.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]