CFRP汽车防撞梁结构/材料一体化优化设计  

Integrated Optimization Design of Structure/Material of CFRP Automobile Collision Avoidance Beam

作　　者：臧杰 周金宇[1,2] 邱睿 ZANG Jie;ZHOU Jin-yu;QIU Rui(Jiangsu University of Technology,Excellent Science and Technology Innovation Team of Universities in Jiangsu:Multi-Scale Material/Structure Collaborative Design and Manufacture,Jiangsu Changzhou213001,China;Jiangsu Institute,China Academy of Machinery Science&Technology,Jiangsu Changzhou213001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院“结构/材料多尺度协同设计与制造”江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队,江苏常州213001 [2]机械科学研究总院江苏分院有限公司,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2020年第8期206-210,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(结构系统疲劳失效相关性的宏细观分析与可靠性建模,批准号51275221);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(CFRP车身“材料/结构”一体化设计关键技术研究,批准号16KJA460002);江苏省实践创新项目(CFRP车身防撞架的材料/结构协同智能优化,批准号SJCX17_0758)。

摘　　要：针对复合材料汽车防撞梁结构布局和层合板铺层优化问题,提出以防撞梁强度最大为目标,宏观结构与层合板铺层角为变量的结构/材料双尺度优化设计方法。结构层面采用B样条对防撞梁轮廓曲线进行参数化表达,并改变防撞梁截面关键尺寸,构建几何模型;材料层面考虑铺层角对层合板性能带来的影响,采用0°、±45°、90°四种标准铺层角进行铺设。通过自适应遗传算法对结构与材料两个层面的设计变量进行初始化,实现了适用于复合材料汽车防撞梁的结构/材料一体化优化设计。结果表明:防撞梁结构的强度较优化之前升幅为81.41%,且最大等效应力下降至64.885MPa,小于CFRP材料的极限强度,优化结果达到预期效果。Aiming at the problem of composite vehicle collision avoidance beam layout and laminate ply optimization,a two scale optimization design method based on macrostructure and ply angle is proposed. The structure level of the B-Spline expression of anti-collision beam contour curve parameters,and constructing the geometric model;considering the influence of ply angle on the laminate material performance level,using 0°,plus or minus 45°,90° four standardized layer. Adaptive genetic algorithm is used to initialize the design variables of two levels of structure and material,and the integrated optimization design of structure/material for composite vehicle anti-collision beam is realized. The results show that the strength of the structure is 81.41% higher than that before the optimization,and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced to 64.885 MPa. The stress value is less than the ultimate strength of CFRP,and the optimization result achieves the desired effect.

关 键 词：汽车防撞梁 复合材料 B样条曲线 自适应遗传算法 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]