亚洲棉光籽种质资源的遗传学分析  

Genetic Analysis of Fuzzless Trait in Gossypium arboreum L.Germplasm

作　　者：王晓阳 孙亚莉[1,2] 程华 潘兆娥[1] 何守朴[1] 龚文芳[1,4] 杜雄明[1] WANG Xiao-yang;SUN Ya-li;CHENG Hua;PAN Zhao-e;HE Shou-pu;GONG Wen-fang;DU Xiong-ming(Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Henan Anyang 455000;College of Information,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030800;College of Biology and Food Engineering,Anyang Institute of Technology,Henan Anyang 455000;Forestry Institute,Central South University of Forestry and Technology/Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees,Ministry of Education/Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410004)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点试验室,河南安阳455000 [2]山西农业大学信息学院,太谷030800 [3]安阳工学院生物与食品工程学院,河南安阳455000 [4]中南林业科技大学林学院/经济林培育与保护教育部重点试验室/经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点试验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第4期884-895,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31601353);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101601-03);河南省科技厅基础与前沿项目(162300410171)。

摘　　要：利用56份亚洲棉(Gossypium arboreum L.)短绒突变体材料作为母本与同一父本材料石系亚1号分别进行杂交,获得56个F1群体,并进行光籽性状显隐性遗传分析,然后选择其中15个F1进行自交,获得相应F2群体进一步分析光籽性状的分离规律。本研究结果表明:(1)光籽性状的遗传机制非常复杂,37.5%的光籽材料呈显性遗传,62.5%的光籽材料为隐性遗传;GA0149和横峰铁籽材料光籽性状受显性单基因控制,常紫1号光籽性状受隐性单基因控制,大部分材料的光籽性状均由2对基因控制,并且存在基因互作和显性上位作用,其中8个材料控制光籽性状的基因具有显性抑制作用,4个材料控制光籽性状的基因具有互补效应;(2)数量性状间的相关性分析表明光籽性状与叶茸毛呈显著负相关,部分组合光籽与衣分呈负相关性,在一些杂交组合中光籽性状与叶面积呈正相关,与棉酚数呈负相关;(3)对亚洲棉群体表型性状遗传多样性分析表明:亚洲棉不同群体间花的颜色、叶片形状、花基斑的有无和茎的颜色性状上差异显著,遗传多样性较好。Fifty-six F1 populations were obtained by crossing 56 fuzzless mutant accessions of Gossypium arboreum L.(female parents)with G.arboreum L.Shixiya 1 Hao(male parent)for analysis of the dominant and recessive inheritance of fuzzless trait in cotton.Fifteen F2 populations were obtained for further analysis of fuzzless trait inheritance pattern.The results showed that the genetic mechanism of fuzzless trait inheritance was complex,with 37.5% of dominant inheritance and 62.5% of recessive inheritance.The fuzzless trait was controlled by a single dominant gene in acc.‘GA0149’ and acc.Hengfeng Tiezi,while a single recessive gene was responsible for the mutation in Changzi 1 Hao.However,in most of the accessions,the fuzzless trait was controlled by two pairs of genes with dominant and epistatic effects.Particularly,eight accessions carried two dominant epistatic inhibition gene and 4 accessions had a pair of genes with complementary effects responsible for fuzzless trait.The correlation analysis showed that the fuzzless trait was positively correlated with leaf hair but some cross combinations negatively corrected with lint percentage.In some cross combinations,it was positively correlated with the leaf area but negatively with the gossypol number.The phenotypic traits in Asian cotton populations showed significant genetic diversity.The flower color,leaf shape,presence or absence of petal base spot and the color of stem were significantly different among different accessions.

关 键 词：亚洲棉 短绒突变体 遗传学分析 显隐性 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]