我国高水平大学硕士毕业生就业的偏好与分化特征研究  

Research on Employment Preferences and Differentiation Characteristics of Graduate Students of High-level Universities in China

作　　者：李永刚 孙一睿[1] LI Yong-gang;SUN Yi-rui(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300350 [2]天津大学教育科学研究中心,天津300350

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2020年第7期81-86,共6页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“学术社会化视角下博士生科研能力的形成机制及其提升研究”(编号:19YJC880046)成果之一。

摘　　要：我国高水平大学硕士毕业生的总体就业率较高,硕士毕业生大多选择直接签约就业,学术深造的比例相对较低,且呈现出性别差异。硕士毕业生更倾向于到金融业、信息技术服务行业和属地区域就业,中西部和东北地区为硕士人才净流出地,一线城市和粤、苏、浙则属于人才净流入地。高校应注重优化女性研究生学术发展的制度环境,并根据自身优势发展不同类型的研究生教育。企业应提高科技研发的岗位设置数量,吸引更多的硕士毕业生到实体经济部门就业;教育部门应加大对中西部和东北地区学位授权点、人才和科技政策的支持,提高区域自身的造血能力。The overall employment rate of graduates from high-level universities in China is relatively high. Most of them choose to go to work, and the proportion of pursuing doctoral degrees is relatively low, and shows gender differences. Graduates of masters are more likely to work in the financial industry, information technology service industry, and regional employment. Midwestern and northeastern regions are the net outflows of masters, while first-tier cities and Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang are net inflows places. Universities should focus on optimizing the institutional environment for the academic development of female postgraduates, and develop different types of postgraduate education according to their own advantages. Enterprises should increase the number of job positions in science and technology research and development, and attract more graduates to work in the real economy;the education government should increase its support for degree authorization points, talents, and science and technology policies in the central and western and northeastern regions, and improve the region’s own development capabilities.

关 键 词：研究生教育 硕士毕业生 就业偏好 就业流动 

分 类 号：G643.0[文化科学—高等教育学]