2019年郑州市食源性疾病流行特征及优势菌群分析  

Analysis of the epidemic characteristics and dominant flora of food origin disease in Zhengzhou City in 2019

作　　者：牛卫东[1] 王松强[1] 戴蕾[1] 陈欣然[1] 孙丽梅[1] NIU Weidong;WANG Songqiang;DAI Lei;CHEN Xinran;SUN Limei(Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450007,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2020年第7期626-629,共4页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

基　　金：河南省科技发展计划项目(编号:162102310226)。

摘　　要：目的分析郑州市食源性疾病流行特征及致病菌分布,提高食源性疾病的防控能力。方法收集2019年郑州市食源性疾病主动监测哨点医院的病例数据,采取食源性致病菌检测方法对采集的粪便标本进行病原检测和分析。结果2019年郑州市共监测到495例食源性疾病患者,男305例(61.62%),女190例(38.38%);<6岁患者最多,共186例(37.58%),其他依次为25~44岁147例(29.70%)、7~24岁83例(16.77%)、45~64岁59例(11.92%)、≥65岁20例(4.04%);5~9月份患者最多,共342例(69.09%),8月份病例数达到高峰,共65例(13.13%);可疑致病食品所占比例前4位依次为水果类及其制品(25.05%)、混合食品(20.81%)、肉与肉制品(20.61%)、粮食类及其制品(10.71%);进食场所主要为家庭(69.49%),其次为餐饮业(14.55%)。495份粪便标本共检出致病菌102株,总检出率为20.61%(102/495);致病菌检出率自高至低依次为沙门菌78株(15.76%)、致泻性大肠埃希菌21株(4.24%)、志贺菌3株(0.61%)。致病菌在各个年龄患者均有检出,<6岁患者致病菌检出率最高,为35.48%(66/186),其次是7~24岁患者,为16.87%(14/83);<6岁患者沙门菌检出率最高,为33.33%(62/186);7~24岁、25~44岁、45~64岁患者致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率分别为7.23%(6/83)、6.80%(10/147)、6.78%(4/59);志贺菌仅在<6岁患者中检出,检出率为2.53%(3/186)。78株沙门菌经鉴定分为11种血清型,肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌所占比例较高,分别为43.59%(34/78)、28.21%(22/78);3株志贺菌血清型分别为福氏志贺菌2株(B群)和宋氏志贺菌1株(D群)。21株致泻性大肠埃希菌分型包括肠黏附性大肠埃希菌11株(52.38%)、肠产毒性大肠埃希菌5株(23.81%)、肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌4株(19.05%)、肠致病性大肠埃希菌1株(4.76%)。结论郑州市还存在一定的食源性疾病风险,食源性疾病病原菌主要为沙门菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和志贺菌。应完善食源性疾病监测网络体系,提高应对食源性疾病的Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and pathogenic bacteria distribution of food origin disease in Zhengzhou City,and improve the prevention and control ability of food origin diseases.Methods The data of food origin disease cases were collected from the sentinel hospital of Zhengzhou City in 2019,and the pathogenic bacterium were detected and analyzed in fecal samples.Results In 2019,a total of 495 cases of food origin disease were detected in Zhengzhou,including 305 males(61.62%)and 190 females(38.38%).One hundred and eighty-six patients(37.58%)were under 6 years old,147 patients(29.70%)were 25-44 years old,83 patients(16.77%)were 7-24 years old,59 patients(11.92%)were 45-64 years old,and 20 patients(4.04%)were 65 years old or older.From May to September,the number of patients was the largest,there were 342 cases(69.09%);and the number of cases reached the peak in August,there were 65 cases(13.13%).The top four suspected pathogenic foods were fruits and their products(25.05%),mixed foods(20.81%),meat and meat products(20.61%),grains and their products(10.71%)in turn.The main place of eating was family(69.49%),followed by catering(14.55%).A total of 102 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 495 fecal samples,and the total detection rate was 20.61%(102/495).The pathogenic bacteria in detection rate from high to low were 78 strains of Salmonella(15.76%),21 strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli(4.24%),3 strains of Shigella(0.61%)in turn.The pathogenic bacterium were detected in patients of all ages,the highest rate was 35.48%(66/186)in patients under 6 years old,followed by 16.87%(14/83)in patients of 7-24 years old.The detection rate of Salmonella was the highest in patients under 6 years old,and it was 33.33%(62/186).The detection rates of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in patients aged 7-24,25-44 and 45-64 were 7.23%(6/83),6.80%(10/147)and 6.78%(4/59),respectively.The Shigella was only detected in patients under 6 years old,the detection rate was 2.53%(3/186).A total of 78 strains of

关 键 词：食源性疾病 致病菌 疾病防控 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]