汉语首次长元音高化链移和引起的元音音系重组  

The First Chinese Vowel Shift and the Vowel Rephonologization

作　　者：赵庸 Zhao Yong(Department of Chineses Language and Literature,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200241

出　　处：《语言科学》2020年第3期305-317,共13页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(16CYY048)资助。

摘　　要：前中古期,汉语通语语音史上曾发生首次长元音链式音移,引起一系列的音系重组,在元音音系中表现为上古歌鱼侯幽部的分化、合并以及中古歌麻模鱼虞侯豪肴尤幽韵的形成。这一事件中,高化规则对长化规则在作用时间上完全涵合。鱼部短元音长化完成后,高化规则受到新规则的干扰,导致高化链移的渐趋末势和麻三韵的合流。高化过程中有词汇扩散现象。r介音促成了麻二韵的合流和肴韵的合流。In the early Middle Ancient Chinese, the first chain shift of vowel raising took place in the history of Chinese phonology, leading to a series of rephonologization. During this period, the Old Chinese rhymes Ge(歌), Yu(鱼), Hou(侯) and You(幽) either merged into the same rhymes or divided into different rhymes, resulting in the formation of new rhymes such as Ge(歌), Ma(麻), Mu(模), Yu(鱼), Yu(虞), Hou(侯), Hao(豪), Yao(肴), You(尤) and You(幽). The impact of the raising rule on the lengthening rule is incorporating. After completion of vowel length change from short to long of the rhyme Yu(鱼), the raising rule experienced the interference of new rules, which led to the halt of the chain shift of vowel raising and the mergence of Grade 3 Ma(麻) rhyme. The lexical diffusion occurred during the process of the chain shift vowel raising. The medium-r-was the catalyst for the mergence rhymes of Grade 2 Ma(麻) rhyme and the Yao(肴) rhyme.

关 键 词：音变 元音 高化链移 音系重组 词汇扩散 中古音系 

分 类 号：H113[语言文字—汉语]