书院教育中仪式与学规的制度文化分析  

Institutional and Cultural Analysis of Rituals and Academic Regulations in Chinese Ancient Acade mies

作　　者：尹建锋[1] 陈晴晴 YIN Jianfeng;CHEN Qingqing

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《现代教育论丛》2020年第3期43-50,72,共9页Modern Education Review

摘　　要："尊圣"与"治学"成为古代书院教育文化传承的两大脉络,两者分别主要体现在书院的仪式与学规中,互相渗透。对书院仪式和学规进行制度文化分析:仪式中的祭祀与开讲表达了"尊圣"的教育信仰,崇拜祖先与师友讲习表达了特定的教育理念,确立了教育制度的基石;书院学规规范了"治学"的教育行为,包括制度规范、学术权威与自主办学三个方面。通过分析发现,书院教育文化蕴含着信仰自主、学术自由、人格平等和办学自主等现代教育价值观。由此获得现代启示:批判吸收古代书院教育文化,培育现代大学教育信仰;借鉴古代书院教育的制度逻辑,完善现代大学制度;融入古代书院优秀精神文化,熏陶现代大学师生的文化气质。"Respect to the Holies" and "Academic Pursuits" were the two main threads of the education and cultural heritage of Chinese ancient academies.The two are mainly reflected in the rituals and academic regulations of academies,and they permeated each other.An institutional and cultural analysis of academies’ rituals and academic regulations shows:the sacrifice and lecturing during the rituals express the educational beliefs of "respect for the holy";the worship of ancestors and mentoring from teachers and classmates indicate specific educational ideas and laid foundation for the education system.The academic rules of academies regulated the educational activities of "academic pursuits",including three aspects:the system norms,academic authority and the independent running of academies.It is found that academies’ educational culture contains modern educational values such as beliefs in autonomy,academic freedom,equality of personality and university autonomy.What can be learned from this is that we should critically absorb the educational culture of ancient academies to develop educational beliefs of modern universities,draw on the institutional logic of ancient academies to improve modern university system,and incorporate the outstanding spiritual culture of ancient academies to cultivate the cultural qualities of teachers and students of modern universities.

关 键 词：书院仪式 书院学规 师友讲习 教育信仰 制度文化 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]