蒙古沙冬青叶片解剖特征与生态因子的关系  

Leaf Anatomical Structures of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Their Relationship with Ecological Factors

作　　者：马红英 李小伟[1] 杨君珑[1] 黄文广 王旭[1] 康锦芸 MA Hongying;LI Xiaowei;YANG Junlong;HUANG Wenguang;WANG Xu;KANG Jinyun(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Grassland Workstation of Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草原工作站,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2020年第5期910-917,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560154);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01);农业部草地资源检测项目(2016)。

摘　　要：蒙古沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)是中国西北干旱地区植物群落主要建群种之一,对生态环境恢复有着重要意义。以26个蒙古沙冬青群落植物叶片为试验材料,利用石蜡切片法观察叶片解剖结构,测定了叶片厚度、上、下表皮细胞厚度、上、下栅栏组织厚度、叶脉厚度6项叶片结构指标,随后通过Pearson’s相关系数和冗余分析法(RDA)分析叶片解剖结构与生态因子(经度、纬度、海拔、年均温、年均降雨量、生长季降雨量、太阳辐射、蒸汽压、有机质、土壤水分、土壤全氮、土壤全磷、土壤pH)之间的关系。结果表明:(1)为了适应高温、干旱的生长环境,蒙古沙冬青叶片表皮肥大,叶肉全部栅栏化,主脉突出,维管束发达,具有典型的旱生结构;(2)叶片厚度、上表皮细胞厚度与辐射存在显著相关性,上、下表皮细胞厚度与纬度、年均降雨量、生长季降雨量、蒸汽压、土壤全氮存在显著相关性,上栅栏组织厚度与年均降雨量、生长季降雨量存在显著相关性;(3)RDA分析表明:影响蒙古沙冬青叶片解剖特征变化的生态因子大小排序为气候因子>土壤因子>空间因子。研究结果能为蒙古沙冬青植物资源的保护及合理利用提供理论依据。Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is one of the constructive species of plant communities in arid areas of Northwest China,and it plays an important role in restoring the ecological environment.In the present study,the leaves of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in 26 plant communities which were dominated by Ammopiptanthus mongolicus were used as experimental materials.The anatomical structures of the leaves wereobserved by the paraffin section technique.Six indexes of leaf structure such as the thickness of leaf,the thickness of epidermal cells,and the thickness of palisade tissue were measured.The relationship between leaf anatomical structure and ecological factors(longitude,latitude,altitude,annual average temperature,average annual precipitation,rainfall during the growing season,solar radiation,vapor pressure,soil organic matter content,soil moisture,soil total nitrogen content,soil total phosphorus content,and soil pH)was analyzed by the methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and redundancy analysis(RDA).Results showed that the leaf epidermis of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus was hypertrophic,and the mesophyll totally consisted of palisade tissue in order to adapt to the environment of high temperature and drought.Besides,the main vein was protruding and the vascular bundle was developed.The leaf structure of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus showed typical drought resistance.Our results also showed that the thickness of leaf and the thickness of upper epidermis cell were both significantly correlated with solar radiation;the thickness of upper epidermis cell and that of lower epidermis cell were both significantly correlated with ecological factors including latitude,average annual precipitation,rainfall during the growing season,vapor pressure,and total nitrogen content;the thickness of upper palisade tissue was significantly correlated with average annual precipitation and rainfall during the growing season.Results of the redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that ecological factors which affected changes in leaf anatomical structure

关 键 词：蒙古沙冬青 叶片解剖 生态因子 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]