如何理解热力学基本方程dG=-SdT+Vdp的适用条件  

How to Understand the Applicable Conditions of the Basic Thermodynamic Equation of dG=-SdT+Vdp

作　　者：焦银春[1] 陈述[1] 刘万强[1] 张杰 朱曼[1] 彭斌[1] JIAO Yin-Chun;CHEN Shu;LIU Wan-Qiang;ZHANG Jie;ZHU Man;PENG Bin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学化学化工学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2020年第14期102-106,共5页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：“化工与材料”国家级实验教学示范中心建设项目(教高厅函2016[7]);“应用化学”湖南省“十三五”综合改革试点专业(湘教通2016[276]号);湖南省教育厅普通高校教学改革研究项目(湘教通[2018]436号-367,[2019]291号-475);湖南科技大学教研项目(No.906-G31712)。

摘　　要：从热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律出发推导了热力学基本方程dG=-SdT+Vdp;然后围绕dG=-SdT+Vdp的适用条件做细致分析,分别从简单pVT变化、相变化和化学变化等3个方面着手,逐一举例并详细解题、分析,探讨对该公式的应用条件,得出相应的结论。为学生在热力学基本方程应用过程中的问题提供新思路。The basic thermodynamic equation of dG=-SdT+Vdp was deduced from the first law of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics.The application conditions of dG=-SdT+Vdp was discussed in detail from simple pVT transformation,phase transformation and chemical change.One by one examples,analysis and detailed solution were applied to explore the application of the formula conditions and draw the corresponding conclusions.It will provide some new ideas for students in application of the basic thermodynamic equation.

关 键 词：热力学基本方程 Gibbs自由能 适用条件 可逆过程 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] O642.1-4[文化科学—教育学]