西乡县地方茶树种质资源的生物学性状观察及生化成分分析  

Analysis of Biological Characteristics and Biochemical Components of Tea Germplasm Resources in Xixiang County

作　　者：闫满朝 肖长顺 陈志龙 李文贤 黄临莉 肖斌[1] 余有本[1] YAN Manzhao;XIAO Changshun;CHEN Zhilong;LI Wenxian;HUANG Linli;XIAO Bin;YU Youben(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Xixiang Administration of Tea,Xixiang Shaanxi 723500,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西乡县茶叶局,陕西西乡723500

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第8期1224-1231,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-19);陕西省农业专项资金(SXNY2018-26);西北农林科技大学农业科技推广专项基金(TGZX2019-04)。

摘　　要：为深入挖掘利用茶树地方种质资源,对收集保存的32份西乡县地方种质资源进行了生物学性状观察及特征性生化成分测定。结果表明,西乡地方茶树种质资源的树型绝大多数为灌木型、中叶种,叶型为椭圆或长椭圆,树姿为半开张,茸毛中等;主要内含成分变异幅度较大,茶多酚、氨基酸、咖啡碱、水浸出物及酚氨比平均变异系数为13.97%,遗传多样性指数(H′)变幅1.72~2.01,均值1.90。对32个地方资源及4个对照资源进行聚类分析,可分为4类群,其中第2类群为红绿兼制型资源,第3类群为适制绿茶型资源。筛选出高咖啡碱特异资源4份,适制绿茶优良资源30份,红绿兼制型资源2份。In order to make full use of the local tea germplasm resources in Xixiang,the biological characteristics and characteristic biochemical components of 32 germplasm resources from Tongxin Farm in Xixiang county were collected and determined.The results showed that most of the tree types of the local tea germplasm resources in Xixiang were shrub type and middle leaf type,the leaf type was ellipse or long ellipse,the tree posture was semi-open,and the tea trichome was medium.The main chemical composition had a large variation range.The average coefficient of variation in tea polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine,water extracts and phenolic ammonia ratio was 13.97%,and the genetic diversity index(H′)ranged from 1.72 to 2.01 with an average of 1.90.Cluster analysis of 32 local resources and 4 control resources could be divided into 4 groups,of which the second group was suitable for processing black tea and green tea,and the third group is suitable for processing green tea.4 kinds of high caffeine-specific resources,30 kinds of suitable resources for green tea and 2 kinds of suitable resources for both black tea and green tea were selected.

关 键 词：茶树 种质资源 西乡县 生化成分 遗传多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]