问题式界划意识形态与科学——晚期阿尔都塞坚持认识论断裂理论的方法论构架  

The Problematic Demarcation of Ideology and Science——Late Althusser's Methodological Gestalt of the Epistemological Rupture Theory

作　　者：黄进 Huang Jin(School of Philosophy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《学术探索》2020年第8期37-45,共9页Academic Exploration

摘　　要：阿尔都塞认识论断裂理论的特质是方法论前置,其方法论构架是问题式界划意识形态与科学。问题式是思想家提出问题的方式,其功能是划定思想的独特整体和异质分界。意识形态与科学是两种异质的问题式,前者是以主体为中心的双重镜像结构,后者是无主体的开放结构。阿尔都塞将意识形态与科学在问题式层面上异质的结构应用于考察马克思思想,发现马克思思想存在认识论断裂。晚期阿尔都塞坚持以此方法论构架论证马克思思想存在认识论断裂,并特别指认自己提出和坚持意识形态与科学的界划归根结底是出于特定政治立场。The pre-placement of methodology is the characteristic of Althusser s epistemological rupture theory.Its methodological gestalt is that the problematic demarcates ideology and science.The problematic is the mode that an ideologue poses problems,which designates the particular unity and the location of the heterogeneous difference.The former is a double mirror-structure in which the subject occupies the place of the center,while the latter is an open structure without subject.Althusser applies the heterogeneous problematics of ideology and science to the investigation of Marx s thoughts,discovering an epistemological rupture in them.In the later period,Althusser insists on using the methodological gestalt to demonstrate the epistemological rupture in Marx s thoughts.And he specially points out that he puts forward and insists on the demarcation between ideology and science from a specific political standpoint.

关 键 词：认识论断裂 方法论 问题式 意识形态 晚期阿尔都塞 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]