人力资本要素与企业创新绩效——基于上海科技企业的实证研究  

Human Capital Components and Innovation Performance--Empirical Study on High-Tech Enterprises in Shanghai

作　　者：裴政 罗守贵[1,2] PEI Zheng;LUO Shou-gui(Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;China Institute for Urban Governance,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200030 [2]上海交通大学中国城市治理研究院,上海200030

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2020年第4期136-148,共13页R&D Management

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会软科学基地重点课题“基于世界知识竞争力评价的上海知识竞争力演化研究”(20692180400);国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘一带一路’区域创新网络建设路径研究”(19ZDA087)。

摘　　要：本文采用上海市1585家企业的5年跟踪数据,探讨人力资本各要素对不同规模、不同行业企业的创新绩效的影响,并将人力资本专用性与创新过程联系起来,对人力资本要素的规模效应与作用机制进行了深入研究。研究发现:人力资本的规模要素对创新绩效有正向影响,并且大企业相较于小企业、制造业相较于服务业,均有更明显的人力资本"规模效应"。此外,不同规模、不同行业的企业人力资本质量差异虽均对创新绩效产生影响,但其作用方式与机制不同:大企业、制造业存在更高比例的渐进式过程创新,需要专用型的人力资本;小企业、服务业则有更多的突破式产品创新,需要通用型的人力资本。It used five-year panel data of 1585 enterprises in Shanghai to explore the impact of human capital(HC)components on innovation performance of different scale and industry enterprises,linked human capital specificity with innovation process,and conducted in-depth study on scale effect and impact mechanism of HC components.The results show that the scale variables of HC have positive impacts on innovation performance,which are more significant in large enterprises and the manufacturing enterprises compared to small enterprises and the service enterprises.In addition,there are the wide differences of HC quality’s innovation effects and mechanisms among the enterprises of different scales and industries:large enterprises and the manufacturing enterprises have more incremental process innovations,which need more special human capital,while small enterprises and the service enterprises have more breakthrough product innovations,which need more general human capital.

关 键 词：人力资本要素 人力资本异质性 人力资本专用性 创新绩效 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]