武汉市三级甲等医院急诊科护士正念思想在职业倦怠与主观幸福感中的中介作用  

Mediating effect of mindfulness between job burnout and subjective well-being among nurses in emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City

作　　者：饶晨霞 徐敏[1] RAO Chen-xia;XU Min(Emergency Center,Central South Hospital of Wuhan Universityy Wuhan Hubei,430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院急救中心,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第12期1585-1589,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨武汉市三级甲等医院急诊科护士正念思想在职业倦怠和主观幸福感中的中介作用。方法 2018年2月—2019年10月采用方便抽样法对武汉市3所三级甲等医院急诊科的180名护士进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 180名护士正念思想得分为65.35±5.41,其中50名(27.78%)低正念水平,80名(44.44%)中等正念水平,50名(27.78%)高正念水平;职业倦怠情感耗竭(EE)得分为29.71±4.27、去人格化(DP)得分为9.65±1.31、低个人成就感(dPA)得分为30.12±3.23,其中58名(32.22%)轻度倦怠,70名(38.89%)中度倦怠,52名(28.89%)中度倦怠。职业幸福感得分为64.61±7.28;影响急诊科护士幸福感的因素有年龄、文化程度、职称、工作年限、加班、月收入以及受聘性质(均P<0.05);低正念水平、中等正念水平以及高正念水平的急诊科护士职业幸福感评分分别为59.42±8.08、63.76±9.43和76.42±6.92,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);轻度职业倦怠、中度职业倦怠以及重度职业倦怠的急诊科护士职业幸福感评分分别为69.89±8.43、61.89±9.07和56.43±7.01,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);工作年限、加班情况以及职业倦怠是影响急诊科护士幸福感的独立危险因素(均P<0.05),而正念思想是其保护因素(P<0.05);急诊科护士职业幸福感与正念思想、职业倦怠中的t PA评分均呈正比(r=0.811、0.711,均P<0.01),而与职业倦怠中的EE评分(r=-0.514,P<0.01)和DP评分(r=-0.628,P<0.05)呈反比;正念思想的中介效应=-0.45×0.38=-0.171,占总效应的-0.171/(-0.171-0.43)=28.45%。结论正念思想是武汉市三级甲等医院急诊科护士幸福感的重要保护因素,可以在护士继续再教育中增设正念培训,从而降低职业倦怠引起的身心损害,提高幸福感。Objective To explore the mediating effect of mindfulness between job burnout and subjective well-being among nurses in emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City. Methods From February 2018 to October 2019,a convenient sampling method was used to investigate 180 nurses in emergency department of three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of mindfulness in 180 nurses were 65.35±5.41,of which 50(27.78%)had low mindfulness level,80(44.44%) had moderate mindfulness level and 50(27.78%) had high mindfulness level. The score of Emotional Exhaustion(EE),Depersonalization(DP) and dimindished Personal Accomplishmen(dPA) was 29.71±4.27,9.65±1.31 and 30.12±3.23,respectively. There were 58(32.22%) cases of mild burnout,70(38.89%) cases of moderate burnout and 52(28.89%)cases of moderate burnout. The score of occupational well-being was 64.61±7.28. The factors affecting the well-being of nurses in emergency department included age,education level,professional title,working years,overtime work,monthly income and nature of employment(all P<0.05). The occupational well-being scores of emergency department nurses with low mindfulness level,medium mindfulness level and high mindfulness level were 59.42 ±8.08,63.76±9.43 and 76.42±6.92,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). The scores of occupational well-being of emergency department nurses with mild,moderate and severe job burnout were 69.89±8.43,61.89±9.07 and 56.43±7.01,respectively,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Working years,overtime work and job burnout were independent risk factors affecting the well-being of nurses in emergency department(all P<0.05),while mindfulness was the protective factor(P<0.05). Occupational well-being of nurses in emergency department was proportional to mindfulness and t PA score in job burnout(r=0.811,0.711,both P<0.01),but inversely proportional to EE score(r=-0.514,P<0.01) and DP score(r=-0.628,P<0.05) in job burn

关 键 词：急诊科 护士 幸福感 职业倦怠 正念 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]