Therapeutic potential of neuromodulation for demyelinating diseases  

作　　者：Elliot H.Choi Chioma Nwakalor Nolan J.Brown Joonho Lee Michael Y.Oh In Hong Yang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Pharmacology,School of Medicine,Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,OH,USA [2]Department of Ophthalmology,Gavin Herbert Eye Institute,School of Medicine,University of California,Irvine,CA,USA [3]Department of Neurological Surgery,University of California,Irvine,CA,USA [4]Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science,Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science,University of North Carolina at Charlotte,Charlotte,NC,USA [5]University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,NY,USA

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2021年第2期214-217,共4页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：the Medical Scientist Training Program(T32GM007250);Predoctoral Training in Molecular Therapeutics Program(T32GM008803)。

摘　　要：Neuromodulation represents a cutting edge class of both invasive and non-invasive therapeutic methods which alter the activity of neurons.Currently,several different techniques have been developed-or are currently being investigated–to treat a wide variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.Recently,in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that neuromodulation can also induce myelination,meaning that it could hold potential as a therapy for various demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis and progressive multifocal leukencepalopathy.These findings come on the heels of a paradigm shift in the view of myelin's role within the nervous system from a static structure to an active co-regulator of central nervous system plasticity and participant in neuron-mediated modulation.In the present review,we highlight several of the recent findings regarding the role of neural activity in altering myelination including several soluble and contact-dependent factors that seem to mediate neural activitydependent myelination.We also highlight several considerations for neuromodulatory techniques,including the need for further research into spatiotemporal precision,dosage,and the safety and efficacy of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation,an emerging neuromodulation technology.As the field of neuromodulation continues to evolve,it could potentially bring forth methods for the treatment of demyelinating diseases,and as such,further investigation into the mechanisms of neuron-dependent myelination as well as neuro-imaging modalities that can monitor myelination activity is warranted.

关 键 词：central nervous system deep brain stimulation MYELINATION neural activity OLIGODENDROCYTE optogenetic stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation 

分 类 号：R744.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]