Altered physiology of gastrointestinal vagal afferents following neurotrauma  

作　　者：Emily N.Blanke Gregory M.Holmes Emily M.Besecker 

机构地区：[1]Department of Health Sciences,Gettysburg College,Gettysburg,PA,USA [2]Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences,Penn State University College of Medicine,Hershey,PA,USA

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2021年第2期254-263,共10页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：the National Institutes of Health(NINDS 49177;NINDS 105987);Craig H.Neilsen Foundation Senior Research award(295319)to GMH;a grant from the National Institutes of Health(NINDS F31 NS 087834)to EMB。

摘　　要：The adaptability of the central nervous system has been revealed in several model systems.Of particular interest to central nervous system-injured individuals is the ability for neural components to be modified for regain of function.In both types of neurotrauma,traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury,the primary parasympathetic control to the gastrointestinal tract,the vagus nerve,remains anatomically intact.However,individuals with traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury are highly susceptible to gastrointestinal dysfunctions.Such gastrointestinal dysfunctions attribute to higher morbidity and mortality following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury.While the vagal efferent output remains capable of eliciting motor responses following injury,evidence suggests impairment of the vagal afferents.Since sensory input drives motor output,this review will discuss the normal and altered anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal vagal afferents to better understand the contributions of vagal afferent plasticity following neurotrauma.

关 键 词：gastrointestinal functions MICROBIOME NEUROTRAUMA nodose ganglia sensory neuropathy spinal cord injury traumatic brain injury vagal afferents visceral reflexes 

分 类 号：R651[医药卫生—外科学]