沟通天命:董仲舒对儒家神圣性与超越性根基的再植  

Communicating with Destiny:Dong Zhongshu’s Re-rooting of Sacredness and Transcendence in Confucianism

作　　者：梁世和[1] LIANG Shihe(Institute of Philosophy,Hebei Academy of Social Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省社会科学院哲学研究所,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2020年第5期44-50,共7页Journal of Hengshui University

摘　　要：“绝地天通”之后中国文化朝人文化、理性化、人间化方向发展,对神性的关注逐渐淡化。董仲舒天人之学的建立,将“绝地天通”以来天人分离的状态,拉回到天人相合的轨道,重新建立起儒学对天的信仰,开启了儒学的神学时代。董仲舒的“天人合一”是“神人合一”,祭祀活动是沟通天命的重要礼仪,是儒家神圣性的体现。董仲舒试图通过祭祀行为,将至上之“天”以及神圣性、超越性的理念,再度植根于儒学及儒者的心灵,其所留下的精神遗产,在当今重建儒学的过程中需要被认真对待。After“Juedi Tiantong”(the separation between heaven and earth),Chinese culture developed towards humanization,rationalization and secularization,and the focus on divinity gradually faded.The establishment of Dong Zhongshu’s theory of heaven and man brought the state of the separation between heaven and man back to the state of the unity of heaven and man,which reestablished Confucian belief in heaven,and opened the theological era of Confucianism.Dong Zhongshu’s unity of heaven and man is the unity of God and man;offering sacrifices is an important etiquette for communicating with destiny,and it is also the manifestation of the sacredness of Confucianism.By offering sacrifices to gods,Dong Zhongshu attempted to re-root the ideas of the supreme“heaven”as well as sacredness and transcendence in Confucianism and its adherents.The spiritual heritage he left needs to be taken seriously in the process of reconstructing Confucianism today.

关 键 词：董仲舒 绝地天通 天 天人合一 天命 儒家 祭祀 

分 类 号：B234.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]