温度、pH、溶氧对添加植物乳杆菌构建生物絮凝系统的影响  

Effects of Temperature, pH and Dissolved Oxygen on the Construction of Biolfloc System by Lactobacillus plantarum

作　　者：王世亨 谭洪新[1,2,3] 罗国芝[1,2,3] 孙大川[1,2,3] Wang Shiheng;Tan Hongxin;Luo Guozhi;Sun Dachuan(Shanghai Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306;Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources of Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306;International Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Fisheries Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国际级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2020年第6期2628-2637,共10页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD25B03);上海市科学技术委员会项目(16DZ2281200,14320501900)共同资助。

摘　　要：生物絮凝技术和微生物制剂在水产养殖业中广泛应用,但向生物絮凝系统中添加益生菌最优条件研究甚少。本试验采取L9(33)安排3因素3水平关于溶氧(厌氧<0.5 mg/L,有氧>5 mg/L,厌氧-有氧交替)、pH (5.5, 7, 8.5)、温度(25℃, 30℃, 35℃)正交试验,开展35 d以植物乳杆菌为添加剂培养生物絮团试验,通过比较三态氮的变化情况、脱氢酶活性(dehydrogenase activity, DHA)及微生物种群结构,得出以植物乳杆菌为添加剂培养生物絮凝的最佳工艺。结果表明:在有氧、pH值8.5、30℃时,生物絮凝培养用时最短,为13 d,生物脱氮效率高;温度和溶氧对脱氢酶活性有显著性影响,25℃,厌氧-好氧交替,pH值7条件下培养的生物絮团脱氢酶活性最高;微生物群落结构分析表明生物絮团中主要为变形菌门(>70%),其次为拟杆菌门;植物乳杆菌在有氧、35℃、pH值5.5条件下丰度最高,为1.8%。综合实际生产,添加植物乳杆菌构建生物絮凝系统最佳条件为30℃、p H值7、有氧条件(DO>5 mg/L)。Biofloc technology and microbial agents are widely used in aquaculture, but little is known about the optimal conditions for adding probiotics to biofloc systems. A L9(33) orthogonal experiment, which set 3 factors in3 levels and lasted 35 days, was conducted to study the culture of the biofloc when using the lactic acid bacteria as additive. By observing the situation of tristate nitrogen, dehydrogenase activity and microbial population structure,the best technology to get biofloc which utilizes lactic acid bacteria as additive was obtained. The results showed that the minimum time to get biofloculation was 13 day at aerobic, pH 8.5 and 30℃, and the bionitrogen removal efficiency was high. The temperature and dissolved oxygen had significant effect on dehydrogenase activity(DHA). And the activity of biofloc was the highest under anaerobic-aerobic alternation condition, pH 7 and 25℃.The analysis of microbial community structure showed that the biofloc was mainly consisted of metamorphoses(>70%), followed by Bacillus. The quantity of lactobacillu s plant-arum is at highest level(1.8%) under aerobic condition, pH5.5 and 35℃. In practical production, the best conditions for constructing biological flocculation system by Lactobacillus plantarum are 30℃, pH7 and aerobic(DO>5 mg/L).

关 键 词：PH 溶氧 温度 植物乳杆菌 生物絮凝 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703