基于红皇后视角的竞争经验与组织生存的关系:来自我国客车行业的实证研究  

The relationship between competitive experience and organizational existence based on the red queen perspective:The empirical study from the Chinese bus industry

作　　者：邓新明[1,2] 郭雅楠 龙贤义 林晓真 DENG Xinming;GUO Yanan;LONG Xianyi;LIN Xiaozhen(School of Economics and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Corporate Strategic Management Institute,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学企业战略管理研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2020年第5期86-94,共9页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71872132、71572132、71272232);武汉大学人文社会科学青年学者学术发展团队建设项目(Whu2016011)。

摘　　要：竞争中的组织总是面临着复杂的环境与战略互动,为了生存,组织往往会通过学习或探索来提升组织绩效。一旦成功,这些在竞争中取得的经验就有可能提升组织的竞争力,反过来会使得其竞争对手采取行动。因此,组织的竞争者也变得更加具有竞争力,而这会再次引发焦点组织进一步采取新的行动。本文基于这种被称为“红皇后效应”的自我强化的进化视角,对组织竞争经验与组织生存之间的关系进行了探究,并研究了组织惯性对竞争经验与组织生存的调节作用。本文的主要结论有:第一,组织的近期竞争经验会对组织的生存产生有利影响,相反,组织远期的竞争经验则对组织生存不利;第二,组织竞争对手的竞争经验也会对组织的生存产生影响,竞争对手的近期经验不利于焦点组织生存,而远期经验则对焦点组织的生存产生有利影响;第三,组织参与的竞争组群种类越多,对组织的生存越不利;第四,组织惯性对组织竞争经验与组织生存之间的关系具有调节作用,组织惯性越大,近期竞争经验带来的有利影响越小。Organizations in the competition are facing complex environments and strategic interactions.To which extent an organization will succeed in a set of competing organizations has been discussed among various competition theories.The Red Queen Effect Theory synthesizes existing research in organizational learning and organizational ecology and describes an evolution within an ecology of learning organizations.To survive,organizations tend to improve performance through learning or searching.Once thriving,the experience in the competition is likely to enhance the competitiveness of the organization,which in turn makes its competitors take action-consequently making them stronger competitors and lead the focus organizations to take further action.Based on the self-reinforcing evolution process,known as"Red Queen Effect."Differing from previous theories which only focus on the current traits of organizations,Red Queen competition emphasizes that the competitiveness of an organization determines the survival of the organization and that the competitiveness of the organization is historical dependence,which is closely related to the past competition path and competition experience of the organization.Consequently,Red Queen competition concerns the impact of previous experience on organizational survival rates.The proposal of the Red Queen Effect Theory triggers a set of researches regarding the organizational survival rates,among which discuss the effect of competition experience,competition niches,success bias,and so on.However,most researches are based on different backgrounds,while seldom scholars investigate the situation in China's environment,leaving the gap of the Red Queen Effect in the Chinese context.As a result,this paper,exploring the relationship between organizational experience and organizational survival and studying the effect of organizational inertia on their connection,aims to discuss the Red Queen Effect in China.This paper adopts the hazard rate model to estimate the Red Queen competition from the C

关 键 词：红皇后效应 竞争经验 组织生存 组织惯性 竞争组群 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]