城市生态系统:人与自然复合  

Urban ecosystem:human and nature compounding

作　　者：王效科[1,2,3] 苏跃波 任玉芬 张红星[1,2] 孙旭 欧阳志云[1,2,3] WANG Xiaoke;SU Yuebo;REN Yufen;ZHANG Hongxing;SUN Xu;OUYANG Zhiyun(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Beijing Urban Ecosystem Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院北京城市生态系统研究站,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第15期5093-5102,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71533005);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503004)。

摘　　要：随着城市化快速发展,城市生态学进入了空前繁荣时期,一些新理念和新范式引起了广泛关注。从生态系统角度,分析了城市生态系统组分、结构、过程、功能和服务的特点,提出了城市生态系统研究的黑箱范式和结构⁃过程⁃功能⁃服务级联范式。重点分析了人与自然在城市生态系统的组分、结构、过程、功能和服务等方面上的不同角色,探讨了人与自然在城市生态系统组分上镶嵌、结构上融合、过程上耦合、功能上互补和服务上协同的相互作用机制,提出了城市生态系统研究的人与自然共同进化范式,即人类和自然相互作用和适应,推动了城市发展。这将为深入认识和研究城市生态系统提供重要理论支撑。With the rapid development of urbanization,urban ecology has entered an unprecedented period of prosperity,and some new concepts and paradigms have drawn wide attention.We analyzed the characteristics of component,structure,processes,functions,and services from the perspective of ecosystem and proposed the“black box”paradigm and“structure⁃process⁃function⁃service cascade”paradigm for urban ecosystem research.We also explored different roles of human and nature in the component,structure,process,function and services of urban ecosystem,discussed the interactive mechanisms between human and nature by mosaic component,fused structure,coupled process,complementary function,and synergized service within urban ecosystem.It is proposed the paradigm of co⁃evolution of human and nature for urban ecosystem research.It will provide important theoretical support for the in⁃depth understanding and research of urban ecosystem.

关 键 词：城市生态系统 研究范式 人与自然 共存进化 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]